Kazár J
Institute of Virology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Czechoslovakia.
Acta Virol. 1988 Jul;32(4):358-68.
Post-infection and post-vaccination immune mechanisms in Q fever are summarized. Whereas cell-mediated immunity has been found to play a crucial role in developing resistance to Coxiella burnetii infection, data on the role of specific antibodies in Q fever immunity are controversial. The functional state of immunocompetent cells and professional phagocytes seems to be decisive for the persistence of C. burnetii within phagocytic cells and for the control of Q fever at the host level. Defects of cellular immunity, immune complex formation, and immune response modulation by C. burnetii isolates differing in plasmid composition or LPS antigenic structure are implicated as aetiological factors. Immunogenicity and reactogenicity of three possible vaccine candidates (phase I chloroform-methanol treated and untreated corpuscular vaccine, and phase I soluble chemovaccine) for Q fever prophylaxis is discussed, stressing the need for developing suitable models and defined experimental conditions enabling to compare and evaluate the results obtained in different laboratories.
本文总结了Q热感染后和接种疫苗后的免疫机制。虽然已经发现细胞介导的免疫在抵抗伯氏考克斯体感染中起关键作用，但关于特异性抗体在Q热免疫中的作用的数据存在争议。免疫活性细胞和专职吞噬细胞的功能状态似乎对伯氏考克斯体在吞噬细胞内的持续存在以及宿主水平上对Q热的控制起决定性作用。细胞免疫缺陷、免疫复合物形成以及质粒组成或脂多糖抗原结构不同的伯氏考克斯体分离株对免疫反应的调节被认为是病因学因素。本文讨论了三种可能用于预防Q热的候选疫苗（I期经氯仿-甲醇处理和未处理的微粒疫苗以及I期可溶性化学疫苗）的免疫原性和反应原性，强调需要开发合适的模型和明确的实验条件，以便能够比较和评估不同实验室获得的结果。
