Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Sackler Program for Epigenetics & Psychobiology at McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Appetite. 2018 Jan 1;120:596-601. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2017.10.021. Epub 2017 Oct 14.
We have shown that intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) leads to increased preference for palatable foods at different ages in both humans and rodents. In IUGR rodents, altered striatal dopamine signaling associates with a preference for palatable foods.
Our aim was to investigate if a multilocus genetic score reflecting dopamine-signaling capacity is differently associated with spontaneous palatable food intake in children according to the fetal growth status.
192 four-year old children from a community sample from Montreal and Hamilton, Canada, were classified according to birth weight and administered a snack test meal containing regular as well as palatable foods. Intrauterine growth restriction was based on the birth weight ratio below 0.85; children were genotyped for polymorphisms associated with dopamine (DA) signaling, with the hypofunctional variants (TaqIA-A1 allele, DRD2-141C Ins/Ins, DRD4 7-repeat, DAT1-10-repeat, Met/Met-COMT) receiving the lowest scores, and a composite score was calculated reflecting the total number of the five genotypes. Macronutrient intake during the Snack Test was the outcome.
Adjusting for z-score BMI at 48 months and sex, there was a significant interaction of the genetic profile and fetal growth on sugar intake [βˆ = -4.56, p = 0.04], showing a positive association between the genetic score and sugar intake in IUGR children, and no association in non-IUGR children. No significant interactions were seen in other macronutrients.
Variations in a genetic score reflecting DA signaling are associated with differences in sugar intake only in IUGR children, suggesting that DA function is involved in this behavioral feature in these children. This may have important implications for obesity prevention in this population.
我们已经证明，宫内生长受限（IUGR）会导致人类和啮齿动物在不同年龄段对美味食物的偏好增加。在 IUGR 啮齿动物中，纹状体多巴胺信号的改变与对美味食物的偏好有关。
我们的目的是研究反映多巴胺信号能力的多基因评分是否与胎儿生长状态有关，与儿童自发食用美味食物的摄入量存在不同关联。
192 名来自加拿大蒙特利尔和汉密尔顿的社区样本的 4 岁儿童，根据出生体重进行分类，并给予含有常规和美味食物的零食测试餐。宫内生长受限基于出生体重比低于 0.85；对与多巴胺（DA）信号相关的多态性进行基因分型，低功能变体（TaqIA-A1 等位基因、DRD2-141CIns/Ins、DRD47-重复、DAT1-10-重复、Met/Met-COMT）得分最低，并计算反映五种基因型总数的综合评分。零食测试期间的宏量营养素摄入量是结果。
调整 48 个月时 z 评分 BMI 和性别后，遗传特征和胎儿生长对糖摄入量存在显著交互作用[βˆ=-4.56，p=0.04]，表明遗传评分与 IUGR 儿童的糖摄入量呈正相关，而非 IUGR 儿童则没有相关性。在其他宏量营养素中没有观察到显著的相互作用。
反映 DA 信号的遗传评分的变化仅与 IUGR 儿童的糖摄入量存在差异相关，表明 DA 功能与这些儿童的这种行为特征有关。这对于预防该人群肥胖可能具有重要意义。
