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运动皮层——行动还是不行动?

Motor cortex - to act or not to act?

机构信息

Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience Berlin and the Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany. Unter den Linden 6, 10099 Berlin, Germany.

Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience Berlin and the NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany. Unter den Linden 6, 10099 Berlin, Germany.

出版信息

Nat Rev Neurosci. 2017 Oct 18;18(11):694-705. doi: 10.1038/nrn.2017.119.

Abstract

The motor cortex is a large frontal structure in the cerebral cortex of eutherian mammals. A vast array of evidence implicates the motor cortex in the volitional control of motor output, but how does the motor cortex exert this 'control'? Historically, ideas regarding motor cortex function have been shaped by the discovery of cortical 'motor maps' - that is, ordered representations of stimulation-evoked movements in anaesthetized animals. Volitional control, however, entails the initiation of movements and the ability to suppress undesired movements. In this article, we highlight classic and recent findings that emphasize that motor cortex neurons have a role in both processes.

摘要

运动皮层是真兽亚纲哺乳动物大脑皮层中的一个大型额叶结构。大量证据表明运动皮层参与了运动输出的随意控制,但运动皮层如何发挥这种“控制”作用?从历史上看,关于运动皮层功能的观点受到了皮层“运动图”发现的影响,即麻醉动物中刺激诱发运动的有序表现。然而,随意控制需要发起运动和抑制不想要的运动的能力。在本文中,我们强调了经典和最近的发现,这些发现强调了运动皮层神经元在这两个过程中都有作用。

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