Gołaś Artur, Terbalyan Artur, Gepfert Mariola, Roczniok Robert, Matusiński Aleskander, Kotuła Krzysztof, Pietraszewski Przemysław, Zając Adam
Institute of Sport Sciences, Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, 40-065 Katowice, Poland.
J Funct Morphol Kinesiol. 2025 Jun 4;10(2):213. doi: 10.3390/jfmk10020213.
Repeated short maximal sprints induce high blood lactate concentrations and may influence neuromuscular coordination, but the relationship between lactate accumulation and inter-limb asymmetry in elite athletes remains unclear. This study sought to investigate how blood lactate dynamics during repeated sprint efforts relate to sprint performance and inter-limb muscle asymmetry in elite female sprinters. Eight elite women (21.3 ± 5.4 y; 54.2 ± 5.1 kg; 165.4 ± 4.3 cm) performed four sets of five all-out 50 m sprints (1 min rest between reps; 5 min between sets). Sprint times were electronically timed. Capillary lactate was measured at rest and 1 min/4 min post-set. Quadricep, hamstring, and gluteal asymmetry was assessed via textile electromyography. Nonparametric statistics (Spearman's ρ, Friedman test) were applied. From Set 1 to Set 4, sprint time fell from 7.25 ± 0.13 s to 7.07 ± 0.16 s ( = 0.044), 1 min lactate rose from 8.51 ± 2.65 to 15.60 ± 2.66 mmol/L ( < 0.001), and 4 min lactate from 7.16 ± 2.32 to 13.64 ± 2.76 mmol/L ( = 0.002). Muscle group asymmetries decreased ( < 0.01), with lactate at 1 min, correlating negatively with quadriceps (ρ = -0.59) and gluteal (ρ = -0.48) asymmetry. In elite female sprinters, progressive lactate accumulation during repeated 50 m bouts is linked to faster times and reduced muscle asymmetry, suggesting that lactate may enhance neuromuscular coordination under fatigue.
重复进行短时间最大强度冲刺会导致血液乳酸浓度升高，并可能影响神经肌肉协调性，但精英运动员中乳酸积累与肢体间不对称之间的关系仍不清楚。本研究旨在探讨在重复冲刺过程中血液乳酸动态与精英女子短跑运动员的冲刺成绩和肢体间肌肉不对称之间的关系。八名精英女性（21.3±5.4岁；54.2±5.1千克；165.4±4.3厘米）进行了四组，每组五次全力50米冲刺（每组重复之间休息1分钟；组间休息5分钟）。冲刺时间采用电子计时。在休息时以及每组后1分钟/4分钟测量毛细血管乳酸。通过表面肌电图评估股四头肌、腘绳肌和臀肌的不对称性。应用非参数统计（斯皮尔曼ρ检验、弗里德曼检验）。从第1组到第4组，冲刺时间从7.25±0.13秒降至7.07±0.16秒（P = 0.044），1分钟时的乳酸从8.51±2.65升至15.60±2.66毫摩尔/升（P < 0.001），4分钟时的乳酸从7.16±2.32升至13.64±2.76毫摩尔/升（P = 0.002）。肌肉群不对称性降低（P < 0.01），1分钟时的乳酸与股四头肌不对称性（ρ = -0.59）和臀肌不对称性（ρ = -0.48）呈负相关。在精英女子短跑运动员中，重复50米冲刺过程中乳酸的逐渐积累与更快的成绩和减少的肌肉不对称性相关，这表明乳酸可能在疲劳状态下增强神经肌肉协调性。
