早孕期饮食的酸碱性与妊娠期糖尿病发病风险的关系。

The acidity of early pregnancy diet and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus.

机构信息

Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.

出版信息

Clin Nutr. 2018 Dec;37(6 Pt A):2054-2059. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2017.09.020. Epub 2017 Oct 3.

DOI:10.1016/j.clnu.2017.09.020

PMID:29054469

Abstract

BACKGROUNDS & AIMS: Recently, an increasing interest has been addressed to the acid-base imbalance in the pathogenesis of diabetes while we are not aware of any study among patients affected by gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Therefore, the purpose of present study was to reveal the potential relation between dietary acid load (DAL) and glycemic indices, lipid profiles and GDM odds ratio among Iranian pregnant women with GDM.

METHODS

This case-control study (hospital-based setting) was performed in singleton fetus pregnant women; healthy (n = 263) and GDM (n = 200), aged 22-44 years, and between weeks 5-28 of pregnancy. Three-day 24-h dietary records were applied to determine usual intakes of women. The tertiles of protein to potassium ratio (Pr/K) and potential renal acid load (PRAL) were calculated and used for statistical analyses.

RESULTS

Across tertiles of both DAL scores, fasting blood sugar, HbA1C, total cholesterol and LDL-C increased significantly. Diastolic blood pressure of participants significantly increased only across the tertiles of Pr/K ratio. Participants in the highest tertile of Pr/K and PRAL had more than 7 (OR = 7.60; 95% CI: 3.43-16.84) and 9 times (OR = 9.27; 95% CI: 4.00-21.46) increased odds of gestational diabetes mellitus, respectively.

CONCLUSION

Women with higher scores of DAL were more likely to have gestational diabetes mellitus during pregnancy.

摘要

背景与目的

最近，人们对糖尿病发病机制中的酸碱失衡越来越感兴趣，但我们还不知道任何关于妊娠糖尿病（GDM）患者的研究。因此，本研究的目的是揭示伊朗 GDM 孕妇的饮食酸负荷（DAL）与血糖指数、血脂谱和 GDM 比值比之间的潜在关系。

方法

这项病例对照研究（基于医院的设置）在单胎胎儿孕妇中进行；健康对照组（n=263）和 GDM 组（n=200），年龄 22-44 岁，妊娠 5-28 周。应用 3 天 24 小时饮食记录来确定女性的常规摄入量。计算并使用蛋白质与钾比（Pr/K）和潜在肾酸负荷（PRAL）的三分位数进行统计分析。

结果

在 DAL 评分的三分位数中，空腹血糖、HbA1C、总胆固醇和 LDL-C 均显著升高。仅在 Pr/K 比值的三分位数中，参与者的舒张压显著升高。Pr/K 和 PRAL 最高三分位数的参与者患妊娠糖尿病的几率分别增加了 7 倍（OR=7.60；95%CI：3.43-16.84）和 9 倍（OR=9.27；95%CI：4.00-21.46）。