Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia.
Mackay Base Hospital, Mackay, QLD, 4740, Australia.
Sci Rep. 2024 Mar 22;14(1):6891. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-57627-5.
The study addressed a significant gap in the profiling and understanding of the gut microbiota's influence on Malaysian Malay women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). This prospective cohort study aimed to explore the intricate relationship between gut microbiota, dietary choices, and lifestyle factors among Malay women, both with and without GDM. The research specifically focused on participants during the second (T0) and third (T1) trimesters of pregnancy in Johor Bahru, Malaysia. In Part 1 of the study, a diverse pool of pregnant women at T0 was categorized into two groups: those diagnosed with GDM and those without GDM, with a total sample size of 105 individuals. The assessments encompassed demographic, clinical, lifestyle, and dietary factors at the T0 and T1 trimesters. Part 2 of the study delved into microbiome analysis, targeting a better understanding of the gut microbiota among the participants. Stool samples were randomly collected from 50% of the individuals in each group (GDM and non-GDM) at T0 and T1. The collected samples underwent processing, and 16s rRNA metagenomic analysis was employed to study the microbial composition. The results suggested an association between elevated body weight and glucose levels, poor sleep quality, lack of physical activity, greater intake of iron and meat, and reduced fruit consumption among women with GDM compared to non-GDM groups. The microbiome analysis revealed changes in microbial composition over time, with reduced diversity observed in the GDM group during the third trimester. The genera Lactiplantibacillus, Parvibacter, Prevotellaceae UCG001, and Vagococcus positively correlated with physical activity levels in GDM women in the second trimester. Similarly, the genus Victivallis exhibited a strong positive correlation with gravida and parity. On the contrary, the genus Bacteroides and Roseburia showed a negative correlation with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in women without GDM in the third trimester. The study highlighted the multifaceted nature of GDM, involving a combination of lifestyle factors, dietary choices, and changes in gut microbiota composition. The findings emphasized the importance of considering these interconnected elements in understanding and managing gestational diabetes among Malaysian Malay women. Further exploration is essential to comprehend the mechanisms underlying this relationship and develop targeted interventions for effective GDM management.
本研究旨在探讨马来西亚马来裔女性妊娠糖尿病（GDM）患者肠道微生物群对其的影响，并填补相关领域的空白。该前瞻性队列研究旨在探索 GDM 患者和非 GDM 患者的肠道微生物群、饮食选择和生活方式因素之间的复杂关系。该研究的参与者均来自马来西亚柔佛州的妊娠第二（T0）和第三（T1）孕期。在研究的第一部分，T0 时将不同的孕妇分为两组：一组为 GDM 患者，另一组为非 GDM 患者，总样本量为 105 人。在 T0 和 T1 时评估了人口统计学、临床、生活方式和饮食因素。研究的第二部分深入研究了微生物组分析，以更好地了解参与者的肠道微生物群。在 T0 和 T1 时从每组（GDM 和非 GDM）的 50%随机采集粪便样本。采集的样本经过处理后，采用 16s rRNA 宏基因组分析来研究微生物组成。结果表明，与非 GDM 组相比，GDM 组患者的体重和血糖水平升高、睡眠质量差、缺乏体力活动、铁和肉类摄入量增加、水果摄入量减少。微生物组分析显示，微生物组成随时间发生变化，GDM 组在第三孕期的多样性降低。在 GDM 组中，Lactiplantibacillus、Parvibacter、Prevotellaceae UCG001 和 Vagococcus 属与第二孕期女性的体力活动水平呈正相关。同样，Victivallis 属与生育次数和孕次呈强正相关。相反，在第三孕期非 GDM 组中，Bacteroides 和 Roseburia 属与 ω-3 多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）呈负相关。该研究强调了 GDM 的多面性，涉及生活方式因素、饮食选择和肠道微生物群组成的变化。研究结果强调了在了解和管理马来西亚马来裔女性妊娠糖尿病时考虑这些相互关联因素的重要性。进一步的研究对于理解这种关系的机制和开发针对 GDM 管理的靶向干预措施至关重要。
