Rajendram Rageen, Kronenberg Sefi, Burton Christie L, Arnold Paul D
University of Toronto, Faculty of Medicine, Toronto, Ontario.
Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario.
J Can Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2017 Fall;26(3):205-213. Epub 2017 Oct 1.
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is common and debilitating with patients exhibiting persistent intrusive thoughts (obsessions), repetitive ritualistic behaviours (compulsions) and anxiety. While it is known that OCD is highly heritable, the specific genetic risk factors for OCD are still largely unknown. The etiology of OCD has also not been fully elucidated but there is growing evidence that glutamate signaling dysfunction in the cortico-striatal-thalamo-cortical (CSTC) circuitry plays a role in its pathogenesis.
We conducted a focused review of recent literature on the role of glutamate genes in OCD.
There have been several recent discoveries in the SAPAP (DLGAP) family, SLC1A1, and GRIN/GRIK families of proteins related to OCD.
There is growing evidence supporting a role for genetic variation leading to dysfunctional glutamate signaling in OCD. Based on this new evidence we hypothesize that sustained glutamatergic neurotransmission in key areas of the brain may be contributing to the etiology of OCD.
强迫症（OCD）很常见且使人衰弱，患者表现出持续的侵入性思维（强迫观念）、重复性仪式行为（强迫行为）和焦虑。虽然已知强迫症具有高度遗传性，但强迫症的具体遗传风险因素仍 largely 未知。强迫症的病因也尚未完全阐明，但越来越多的证据表明，皮质-纹状体-丘脑-皮质（CSTC）回路中的谷氨酸信号功能障碍在其发病机制中起作用。
我们对近期关于谷氨酸基因在强迫症中作用的文献进行了重点综述。
近期在与强迫症相关的 SAPAP（DLGAP）蛋白家族、SLC1A1 以及 GRIN/GRIK 蛋白家族中有多项发现。
越来越多的证据支持基因变异导致强迫症中谷氨酸信号功能障碍这一作用。基于这一新证据，我们推测大脑关键区域持续的谷氨酸能神经传递可能是强迫症病因的一个因素。
