Connecticut Transportation Institute, University of Connecticut, 270 Middle Turnpike Unit 5202, Storrs, CT 06269-5202, United States.
Department of Civil Engineering and Nebraska Transportation Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 330E Prem S. Paul Research Center at Whittier School, 2200 Vine Street, Lincoln, NE 68583-0851, United States.
Accid Anal Prev. 2017 Dec;109:113-122. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2017.10.013. Epub 2017 Oct 20.
This research identified factors associated with inattentive driving at Highway-Rail Grade Crossings (HRGCs) by investigating drivers' self-reported inattentive driving experiences and factors pertaining to their socioeconomic, personality, attitudinal, and other characteristics. A random selection of 2500 households in Nebraska received a survey questionnaire designed for licensed motor vehicle drivers; respondents returned 980 questionnaires. Factor analysis identified latent variables evaluating drivers' patience and inclination to wait for trains, attitudes toward new technology, law enforcement or education regarding HRGC safety, and the propensity to commit serious traffic violations at HRGCs. The investigation utilized a structural equation model for analysis. This model indicated that drivers with a higher risk of inattentive driving at HRGCs were: female, younger in age, from households with higher incomes, with shorter tenure (in years) in their current city of residence, more frequently used HRGCs, received less information on safety at HRGCs, had less patience to wait for trains to pass and had less interest in safety improvement technology, law enforcement or safety education at HRGCs. These research findings provide useful information for future research and to policy makers for improving public safety. Additionally, the results are useful for safety educational program providers for targeted program delivery to drivers that are more vulnerable to distracted driving at HRGCs.
本研究通过调查驾驶员报告的注意力不集中驾驶经验以及与社会经济、人格、态度和其他特征相关的因素，确定了与公路铁路交叉口（HRGC）注意力不集中驾驶相关的因素。内布拉斯加州随机选择了 2500 户家庭，向其发放了一份专为有执照的机动车驾驶员设计的调查问卷；共有 980 名受访者返回了问卷。因素分析确定了评估驾驶员耐心和等待火车的倾向、对新技术的态度、关于 HRGC 安全的执法或教育、以及在 HRGC 上严重违反交通规则倾向的潜在变量。该研究采用结构方程模型进行分析。该模型表明，在 HRGC 上注意力不集中驾驶风险较高的驾驶员是：女性、年龄较小、来自收入较高的家庭、在当前居住城市的居住年限较短、更频繁地使用 HRGC、较少获得有关 HRGC 安全的信息、对等待火车通过的耐心较小，对安全改进技术、执法或 HRGC 安全教育的兴趣较低。这些研究结果为未来的研究和决策者提供了有用的信息，以提高公共安全。此外，对于安全教育培训提供者来说，这些结果也有助于有针对性地向更易在 HRGC 上分心驾驶的驾驶员提供安全教育。
