Department of Computer Science, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany.
German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany.
J Alzheimers Dis. 2017;60(4):1461-1476. doi: 10.3233/JAD-170105.
Dementia impairs spatial orientation and route planning, thus often affecting the patient's ability to move outdoors and maintain social activities. Situation-aware deliberative assistive technology devices (ATD) can substitute impaired cognitive function in order to maintain one's level of social activity. To build such a system, one needs domain knowledge about the patient's situation and needs. We call this collection of knowledge situation model.
To construct a situation model for the outdoor mobility of people with dementia (PwD). The model serves two purposes: 1) as a knowledge base from which to build an ATD describing the mobility of PwD; and 2) as a codebook for the annotation of the recorded behavior.
We perform systematic knowledge elicitation to obtain the relevant knowledge. The OBO Edit tool is used for implementing and validating the situation model. The model is evaluated by using it as a codebook for annotating the behavior of PwD during a mobility study and interrater agreement is computed. In addition, clinical experts perform manual evaluation and curation of the model.
The situation model consists of 101 concepts with 11 relation types between them. The results from the annotation showed substantial overlapping between two annotators (Cohen's kappa of 0.61).
The situation model is a first attempt to systematically collect and organize information related to the outdoor mobility of PwD for the purposes of situation-aware assistance. The model is the base for building an ATD able to provide situation-aware assistance and to potentially improve the quality of life of PwD.
痴呆症会损害空间定向和路线规划能力，从而常常影响患者进行户外活动和维持社交活动的能力。情境感知的决策辅助技术设备（ATD）可以替代受损的认知功能，以维持社交活动水平。要构建这样的系统，需要有关患者情况和需求的领域知识。我们将这种知识集合称为情境模型。
为痴呆症患者（PwD）的户外活动构建情境模型。该模型有两个目的：1）作为构建描述 PwD 活动的 ATD 的知识库；2）作为记录行为注释的代码本。
我们进行系统的知识启发式收集以获取相关知识。使用 OBO Edit 工具来实现和验证情境模型。使用该模型作为 PwD 活动研究中行为注释的代码本，评估其性能，并计算出评分者间的一致性。此外，临床专家还对模型进行手动评估和管理。
情境模型包含 101 个概念和 11 种关系类型。注释的结果表明两个注释者之间存在很大的重叠（Cohen 的 kappa 值为 0.61）。
该情境模型是系统地收集和组织与 PwD 户外活动相关信息的首次尝试，目的是进行情境感知辅助。该模型是构建能够提供情境感知辅助并可能提高 PwD 生活质量的 ATD 的基础。
