From the Pediatric Surgery/Trauma (P.U.), Monroe Carell Jr. Children's Hospital at Vanderbilt; Pediatric Emergency Medicine (C.M.E.); Department of Pediatric Surgery (D.H.C.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center; Pediatric Surgery/Trauma (E.B.R.), and Pediatric Emergency Medicine (L.W.-H., N.S.), Monroe Carell Jr. Children's Hospital at Vanderbilt, Nashville, Tennessee.
J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2017 Nov;83(5S Suppl 2):S190-S196. doi: 10.1097/TA.0000000000001521.
Motor vehicle crashes are the leading cause of death among teen drivers. The main goal of this program was to reduce texting while driving among high school teens through a unique peer-generated anti-texting campaign.
The program consisted of two phases. In phase 1, student leaders participated in a half-day, hospital-based experiential program that emphasized safe teen driving. In phase 2, these students conceptualized and implemented an anti-texting while driving campaign during the school year. The program enrolled 32 schools with 137 student participants in phase 1. This study uses a prospective quasi-experimental pre-post design. A presurvey and a follow-up online survey were used. Response rate was 81%. In phase 2, two rounds of observations of drivers were made near the participating schools at the beginning and end of the phase 2 campaign. The results were analyzed using proportion tests.
There was a strong belief (6.49 on a seven-point scale) that texting while driving could result in a crash. About 58% had texted while driving in the previous 7 days in the pre-survey. This proportion decreased significantly to 44% in the follow-up (p < 0.05). Knowledge of Tennessee Graduated Driver Licensing laws and feeling of empowerment to take action with a teen driver who was texting improved significantly (p < 0.05). In phase 2, 12,309 drivers (adults and teens) were observed in the first round, and 13,153 were observed in the second round of observations. Significant reduction in the proportion of drivers texting while driving (from 13% to 9%; p < 0.0001) was observed.
Results of driver observations support the effectiveness of this program in meeting the key objective of reducing texting while driving. The program also influenced teenagers' willingness to take positive steps when faced with a driver who was texting. Future efforts should aim to influence social and peer norms.
Therapeutic study, level IV.
机动车事故是青少年驾驶员死亡的主要原因。该项目的主要目标是通过独特的由同龄人发起的反发短信活动来减少高中生开车时发短信的行为。
该项目分为两个阶段。在第一阶段，学生领袖参加了为期半天的以医院为基础的体验式项目，强调青少年安全驾驶。在第二阶段，这些学生在学年期间构思并实施了一项反发短信的活动。该项目有 32 所学校的 137 名学生参加了第一阶段。本研究采用前瞻性准实验前后设计。使用预调查和后续在线调查。回复率为 81%。在第二阶段，在第二阶段活动开始和结束时，在参与学校附近对司机进行了两轮观察。使用比例检验分析结果。
人们强烈相信（七点量表上的 6.49）开车时发短信会导致事故。在预调查中，大约 58%的人在过去 7 天内开车时发过短信。在后续调查中，这一比例显著下降到 44%（p<0.05）。对田纳西州毕业驾照法律的了解以及对与发短信的青少年司机采取行动的授权感显著提高（p<0.05）。在第二阶段，第一轮观察到 12309 名司机（成人和青少年），第二轮观察到 13153 名司机。观察到开车时发短信的司机比例显著下降（从 13%降至 9%；p<0.0001）。
驾驶员观察结果支持该项目在实现减少开车时发短信这一主要目标方面的有效性。该项目还影响了青少年在面对发短信的司机时采取积极措施的意愿。未来的努力应旨在影响社会和同伴规范。
治疗性研究，四级。
