Brunet Thibaut, King Nicole
Howard Hughes Medical Institute and the Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Howard Hughes Medical Institute and the Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Dev Cell. 2017 Oct 23;43(2):124-140. doi: 10.1016/j.devcel.2017.09.016.
Over 600 million years ago, animals evolved from a unicellular or colonial organism whose cell(s) captured bacteria with a collar complex, a flagellum surrounded by a microvillar collar. Using principles from evolutionary cell biology, we reason that the transition to multicellularity required modification of pre-existing mechanisms for extracellular matrix synthesis and cytokinesis. We discuss two hypotheses for the origin of animal cell types: division of labor from ancient plurifunctional cells and conversion of temporally alternating phenotypes into spatially juxtaposed cell types. Mechanistic studies in diverse animals and their relatives promise to deepen our understanding of animal origins and cell biology.
6亿多年前，动物从单细胞或群体生物进化而来，其细胞通过一种领状复合体捕获细菌，领状复合体是由微绒毛领包围的鞭毛。利用进化细胞生物学的原理，我们推断向多细胞性的转变需要对细胞外基质合成和胞质分裂的现有机制进行修改。我们讨论了关于动物细胞类型起源的两种假说：古代多功能细胞的分工以及时间交替表型向空间并列细胞类型的转变。对各种动物及其亲属进行的机制研究有望加深我们对动物起源和细胞生物学的理解。
