Hamburgische Schiffbau-Versuchsanstalt GmbH, The Hamburg Ship Model Basin, Bramfelder Straße 164, 22305, Hamburg, Germany.
Ambio. 2017 Dec;46(Suppl 3):400-409. doi: 10.1007/s13280-017-0956-0.
Since 2005, a dramatic decline of the Arctic sea-ice extent is observed which results in an increase of shipping activities. Even though this provides commercial and social development opportunities, the resulting environmental impacts need to be investigated and monitored. In order to understand the impact of shipping in arctic areas, the method described in this paper determines the travel time, fuel consumption and resulting exhaust emissions of ships navigating in arctic waters. The investigated case studies are considering ship particulars as well as environmental conditions with special focus on ice scenarios. Travel time, fuel consumption and exhaust gas emission were investigated for three different vessels, using different passages of the Northern Sea Route (NSR) in different seasons of years 1960, 2000 and 2040. The presented results show the sensitivity of vessel performance and amount of exhaust emissions to optimize arctic traffic with respect to efficiency, safety and environmental impact.
自 2005 年以来，北极海冰范围急剧减少，这导致了航运活动的增加。尽管这为商业和社会发展带来了机会，但需要调查和监测由此产生的环境影响。为了了解航运在北极地区的影响，本文所述的方法确定了在北极水域航行的船舶的航行时间、燃料消耗和由此产生的废气排放。所研究的案例研究考虑了船舶的具体情况以及环境条件，特别关注冰情。使用不同的季节和年份（1960 年、2000 年和 2040 年）的北海航线（NSR）的不同航线，对三艘不同船舶的航行时间、燃料消耗和废气排放进行了研究。所呈现的结果表明，船舶性能和废气排放量的敏感性可以优化北极交通，以提高效率、安全性和环境影响。
