Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
Sci Rep. 2017 Oct 26;7(1):14131. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-13301-7.
Bisphenol A (BPA) is widely used in the manufacture of plastics and epoxy resins and is prevalent in the aquatic environment. BPA disrupts endocrine pathways in fish, but the long-term developmental implications are unknown. We demonstrate that BPA deposition in the eggs of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), an ecologically and economically important species of fish, reprograms liver metabolism in the offspring and alters the developmental growth trajectory in two generations. Specifically, BPA reduces growth during early development, followed by a catch-up growth post-juveniles. More importantly, we observed a developmental shift in the liver transcriptome, including an increased propensity for protein breakdown during early life stages to lipid and cholesterol synthesis post- juveniles. The liver molecular responses corresponded with the transient growth phenotypes observed in the F1 generation, and this was also evident in the F2 generation. Altogether, maternal and/or ancestral embryonic exposure to BPA affects liver metabolism leading to development-distinct effects on growth, underscoring the need for novel risk assessment strategies for this chemical in the aquatic environment. This is particularly applicable to migratory species, such as salmon, where distinct temporal changes in growth and physiology during development are critical for their spawning success.
双酚 A（BPA）广泛用于塑料和环氧树脂的制造，在水生环境中普遍存在。BPA 会破坏鱼类的内分泌途径，但长期的发育影响尚不清楚。我们证明，双酚 A 在虹鳟鱼（Oncorhynchus mykiss）卵中的沉积——一种具有生态和经济重要性的鱼类——会重新编程后代的肝脏代谢，并在两代鱼中改变发育生长轨迹。具体而言，BPA 会减少早期发育过程中的生长，然后在幼鱼后进行追赶生长。更重要的是，我们观察到肝脏转录组发生了发育性转变，包括在生命早期阶段蛋白质分解的倾向增加，而在幼鱼后则增加脂质和胆固醇的合成。肝脏的分子反应与 F1 代中观察到的短暂生长表型相对应，在 F2 代中也很明显。总之，母体和/或胚胎期对 BPA 的暴露会影响肝脏代谢，从而导致生长出现不同的发育影响，这凸显了在水生环境中对这种化学物质采用新的风险评估策略的必要性。这对于鲑鱼等洄游物种尤其适用，因为在发育过程中生长和生理的明显时间变化对其繁殖成功至关重要。
