Study of the c-Ha-ras-1 locus polymorphism in an Italian population with high incidence of gastric cancer.

The c-Ha-ras-1 proto-oncogene locus is characterized by a restriction fragment length polymorphism resulting from length variation in a variable tandem repetition (VTR) region downstream from the structural part of the gene. The presence of uncommon alleles at this region has been suggested to be an informative marker for the development of different malignancies, including solid tumours. In order to identify possible genetic markers of cancer risk, we studied the c-Ha-ras-1 locus polymorphism in an Italian population characterized by a high incidence of stomach tumours. Gastric cancer patients, some having first-degree relatives affected by the same malignancy, and control subjects were studied. A total of 176 DNAs was analysed by the Southern blotting technique with TaqI restriction enzyme. This yields a fragment containing the sequence of variable length (VTR) and also allows detection of a cleavage site polymorphism. Thirteen different alleles were detected and some new common and rare variants were found. Our results do not provide evidence that the inheritance of any allele may predispose to gastric malignancies. Segregation analysis carried out on 13 patients' families demonstrated, without exception, a Mendelian inheritance of patterns.