Inayat Kausar, Danish Nargis, Hassan Lubna
Gynaecology & Obstetrics Department, Women Medical College, Abbottabad, Gynaecology & Obstetrics Department, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Hayatabad, Peshawar, Pakistan.
J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad. 2017 Jul-Sep;29(3):477-480.
The climacteric or perimenopause is the transitional phase during which reproductive function ceases. The average age of the menopause is 51.4 years with a duration of two years. Symptomatology include: vasomotor, psychological, urogenital/sexual, skin, menstrual irregularities and others. The objective was to study the attitude of these women towards menopause.
In this cross-sectional study, 500 women were included.
Palpitations and headaches were found in 30% and 32% respectively in perimenopausal women compared to 16% and 20% in postmenopausal women. Irritability, anxiety and lethargy affected every 3 in 10 women while 24% reported forgetfulness and 12% had loss of libido in the peri menopausal group. The incidence of the above symptoms was much lower in the postmenopausal group, irritability being on the top (16%) followed by forgetfulness (12%), lethargy in 10% and loss of libido in 3%. Dyspareunia was reported by 18% of perimenopasual and 8% of menopausal women. Urinary complaints were found in 9% and 3% of the perimenopausal and menopausal women respectively. About 2 in 10 complained of dryness of skin. Menstrual irregularities affected 3 in 10 women and the commonest form of abnormality was delayed cycles (23%). Concerning their attitude towards menopause 46% perimenopausal and 76% of the postmenopausal women did not perceive menopause as a medical condition and were found satisfied as they had accepted it as a natural ageing process. Some 20-40% of women who were worried or dreading menopause were those who linked impairment of vision with menopause.
Attitude of women in our society was found positive towards menopause.
更年期或围绝经期是生殖功能停止的过渡阶段。绝经的平均年龄为51.4岁，持续时间为两年。症状包括：血管舒缩症状、心理症状、泌尿生殖系统/性方面症状、皮肤症状、月经不规律及其他症状。目的是研究这些女性对更年期的态度。
在这项横断面研究中，纳入了500名女性。
围绝经期女性中分别有30%和32%出现心悸和头痛，而绝经后女性中这一比例分别为16%和20%。易怒、焦虑和无精打采影响了十分之三的围绝经期女性，而24%的围绝经期女性报告有健忘症状，12%有性欲减退症状。上述症状在绝经后组的发生率要低得多，易怒症状最为常见（16%），其次是健忘（12%）、无精打采（10%）和性欲减退（3%）。18%的围绝经期女性和8%的绝经后女性报告有性交困难。围绝经期和绝经后女性中分别有9%和3%存在泌尿系统问题。约十分之二的女性抱怨皮肤干燥。十分之三的女性月经不规律，最常见的异常形式是月经周期延迟（23%）。关于她们对更年期的态度，46%的围绝经期女性和76%的绝经后女性不认为更年期是一种疾病，并且由于她们将其视为自然衰老过程而感到满意。约20 - 40%担心或害怕更年期的女性是那些将视力损害与更年期联系起来的人。
我们社会中的女性对更年期的态度是积极的。
