Zhang Zheng, Cao Honggang, Chen Chao, Chen Xiao, Wei Qi, Zhao Fengyun
College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070 China.
College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642 China.
J Food Sci Technol. 2017 Nov;54(12):4026-4034. doi: 10.1007/s13197-017-2868-1. Epub 2017 Sep 19.
This study investigated the mechanism of wall rupture fermentation of the rape bee pollen by and . The enzymatic activities and broken-wall ratios were determined, and the results suggested the involvement of cellulase, protease, and pectinase in the wall rupture fermentation. Among the five substrate inducers, CMCase, protease, and pectinase had the highest enzymatic activities at 23.13 ± 1.09, 63.44 ± 1.35, and 118.61 ± 2.07 U/mL, respectively. The broken-wall ratios of and were 85.08 ± 3.92 and 88.31 ± 2.51%, respectively. The wall rupture of rape pollen was closely related to the enzymes of the fermenting species. The wall rupture process was determined through enzyme assay, light microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy, and the broken-wall ratios provide further information on the said mechanism. The process follows three steps, namely, removal of coating on the pollen surface, continuous opening of three germinal apertures to allow enzymatic breakdown of the intine, and release of contents from the degradation of the exine.
本研究调查了[具体菌种1]和[具体菌种2]对油菜蜂花粉进行破壁发酵的机制。测定了酶活性和破壁率，结果表明纤维素酶、蛋白酶和果胶酶参与了破壁发酵过程。在五种底物诱导剂中，羧甲基纤维素酶（CMCase）、蛋白酶和果胶酶的酶活性最高，分别为23.13±1.09、63.44±1.35和118.61±2.07 U/mL。[具体菌种1]和[具体菌种2]的破壁率分别为85.08±3.92%和88.31±2.51%。油菜花粉的破壁与发酵菌种的酶密切相关。通过酶活性测定、光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜确定了破壁过程，破壁率为该机制提供了进一步的信息。该过程包括三个步骤，即去除花粉表面的包膜、三个萌发孔持续打开以使内壁被酶分解，以及外壁降解后内容物的释放。
