Nagaragawa Research Center, API Co. Ltd. 692-3 Nagarayamasaki, Gifu 502- 0071, Japan.
BMC Complement Altern Med. 2010 Jun 23;10:30. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-10-30.
Bee pollen, a honeybee product, is the feed for honeybees prepared themselves by pollens collecting from plants and has been consumed as a perfect food in Europe, because it is nutritionally well balanced. In this study, we aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of bee pollen from Cistus sp. of Spanish origin by a method of carrageenan-induced paw edema in rats, and to investigate the mechanism of anti-inflammatory action and also to elucidate components involved in bee pollen extracted with ethanol.
The bee pollen bulk, its water extract and its ethanol extract were administered orally to rats. One hour later, paw edema was produced by injecting of 1% solution of carrageenan, and paw volume was measured before and after carrageenan injection up to 5 h. The ethanol extract and water extract were measured COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitory activities using COX inhibitor screening assay kit, and were compared for the inhibition of NO production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. The constituents of bee pollen were purified from the ethanol extract subjected to silica gel or LH-20 column chromatography. Each column chromatography fractions were further purified by repeated ODS or silica gel column chromatography.
The bee pollen bulk mildly suppressed the carrageenan-induced paw edema and the water extract showed almost no inhibitory activity, but the ethanol extract showed relatively strong inhibition of paw edema. The ethanol extract inhibited the NO production and COX-2 but not COX-1 activity, but the water extract did not affect the NO production or COX activities. Flavonoids were isolated and purified from the ethanol extract of bee pollen, and identified at least five flavonoids and their glycosides.
It is suggested that the ethanol extract of bee pollen show a potent anti-inflammatory activity and its effect acts via the inhibition of NO production, besides the inhibitory activity of COX-2. Some flavonoids included in bee pollen may partly participate in some of the anti-inflammatory action. The bee pollen would be beneficial not only as a dietary supplement but also as a functional food.
蜂花粉是蜜蜂从植物中采集花粉制成的蜂蜜制品，在欧洲一直被当作一种完美的食品食用，因为它的营养非常均衡。在这项研究中，我们旨在通过角叉菜胶诱导的大鼠足肿胀模型，研究源自西班牙的 cistus sp. 蜂花粉的抗炎作用，并研究其抗炎作用机制，阐明用乙醇提取的蜂花粉中的成分。
将蜂花粉块、其水提取物和乙醇提取物口服给予大鼠。1 小时后，通过注射 1%角叉菜胶溶液产生足肿胀，并在角叉菜胶注射前后测量足体积，直到 5 小时。使用 COX 抑制剂筛选试剂盒测定乙醇提取物和水提取物对 COX-1 和 COX-2 的抑制活性，并比较它们对 LPS 刺激的 RAW 264.7 细胞中 NO 产生的抑制作用。将蜂花粉的乙醇提取物通过硅胶或 LH-20 柱色谱进行纯化，从柱色谱的各个馏分中进一步通过重复 ODS 或硅胶柱色谱进行纯化。
蜂花粉块轻度抑制角叉菜胶诱导的足肿胀，水提取物几乎没有抑制活性，但乙醇提取物对足肿胀有较强的抑制作用。乙醇提取物抑制 NO 产生和 COX-2，但不抑制 COX-1 活性，而水提取物不影响 NO 产生或 COX 活性。从蜂花粉的乙醇提取物中分离并纯化了黄酮类化合物，并鉴定出至少五种黄酮类化合物及其糖苷。
建议蜂花粉的乙醇提取物表现出较强的抗炎活性，其作用除了通过抑制 COX-2 外，还通过抑制 NO 产生。蜂花粉中的一些黄酮类化合物可能部分参与了部分抗炎作用。蜂花粉不仅作为膳食补充剂有益，而且作为功能性食品也有益。
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