Smit Eline Suzanne, Brinkhues Stephanie, de Vries Hein, Hoving Ciska
a Department of Communication Science, Amsterdam School of Communication Research/ASCoR , University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam , The Netherlands.
b Department of Health Promotion , Maastricht University , Maastricht , The Netherlands.
Subst Use Misuse. 2018 Feb 23;53(3):400-411. doi: 10.1080/10826084.2017.1334062. Epub 2017 Nov 1.
Investigating potential sub-stages of change could provide important information that could be used to improve the tailoring of smoking cessation interventions to individual smokers' profiles. Smokers in the preparation stage may be most interesting, as they are most likely to participate in smoking cessation interventions.
To examine whether Dutch adult smokers in the preparation stage of change, i.e. motivated to quit smoking within one month, can be organized into subgroups.
Data from 753 smokers who participated in an effectiveness trial of a web-based, computer-tailored smoking cessation programme were subjected to secondary analysis. Cluster analyses were based on respondents' baseline responses to items on pros and cons of quitting and quitting self-efficacy. Chi-squared tests and ANOVA were used to compare the baseline characteristics of the resulting clusters. Logistic and multinomial regression were used for longitudinal comparisons of clusters with respect to smoking abstinence and stage transition at six-week and six-month follow-ups.
Four clusters were identified; Classic, Unprepared, Progressing and Disengaged Preparers. Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses validated these clusters: they differed with respect to the clustering variables, gender, cigarette dependence and educational level. Disengaged Preparers were less likely than Progressing Preparers to report smoking abstinence at six months (OR = 0.28; p < .05).
These results suggest that smoking cessation interventions tailored to the preparation stage of change, i.e. the set of cognitions usually present in preparers, are only appropriate for the subgroup we defined as Classic Preparers. The other clusters might need different interventions as they display different cognition sets.
研究潜在的行为改变阶段可以提供重要信息，用于改进戒烟干预措施，使其更符合个体吸烟者的情况。处于准备阶段的吸烟者可能最值得关注，因为他们最有可能参与戒烟干预。
研究处于行为改变准备阶段（即有动力在一个月内戒烟）的荷兰成年吸烟者是否可以被分为不同亚组。
对参与一项基于网络、计算机定制的戒烟计划有效性试验的753名吸烟者的数据进行二次分析。聚类分析基于受访者对戒烟利弊和戒烟自我效能感项目的基线回答。使用卡方检验和方差分析比较所得聚类的基线特征。在六周和六个月随访时，使用逻辑回归和多项回归对聚类在戒烟和阶段转变方面进行纵向比较。
识别出四个聚类；经典型、未准备好型、进展型和脱离型准备者。横断面和纵向分析验证了这些聚类：它们在聚类变量、性别、香烟依赖和教育水平方面存在差异。脱离型准备者在六个月时报告戒烟的可能性低于进展型准备者（OR = 0.28；p < .05）。
这些结果表明，针对行为改变准备阶段（即准备者通常具有的认知集合）量身定制的戒烟干预措施仅适用于我们定义为经典型准备者的亚组。其他聚类可能需要不同的干预措施，因为它们表现出不同的认知集合。
