Collins Rebecca L, Strasburger Victor C, Brown Jane D, Donnerstein Edward, Lenhart Amanda, Ward L Monique
RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, California;
Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico.
Pediatrics. 2017 Nov;140(Suppl 2):S162-S166. doi: 10.1542/peds.2016-1758X.
Sexual content is highly prevalent in traditional media, and portrayals rarely depict the responsibilities and risks (eg, condom use, pregnancy) associated with sexual activity. Exposure to such content is linked with shifts in attitudes about sex and gender, earlier progression to sexual activity, pregnancy, and sexually transmitted infection among adolescents. However, little information is available about moderators and mediators of these effects. We also know little about digital media, their sex-related content, and their potential influence on youth. Data from a few studies of older youth indicate that sexual displays on social media sites are related to problematic beliefs and behaviors among those who post this content and among viewers. Online pornography appears to be more problematic for youth than off-line sources. Given the vast and increasing amount of time youth spend online and their developmental openness to influence, more research attention to digital sexual media is needed. Those who undertake this work should identify potential negative consequences of use and opportunities to improve adolescent sexual health through digital media. Studies of on- and off-line media in which researchers examine younger media audiences, identify processes explaining sexual media effects on behavior, and moderators of effects are needed. Such studies could be used to inform interventions to reduce negative outcomes and increase positive media effects. Policy makers should stimulate the development of such interventions, including tools to help parents identify and manage negative media influences on their children's sexual well-being and development and dissemination of innovative media literacy programs related to sexual health.
性内容在传统媒体中极为普遍，而其呈现方式很少描述与性活动相关的责任和风险（如使用避孕套、怀孕）。接触此类内容与青少年对性和性别的态度转变、性活动提前、怀孕以及性传播感染有关。然而，关于这些影响的调节因素和中介因素的信息却很少。我们对数字媒体、其与性相关的内容及其对青少年的潜在影响也知之甚少。一些针对年龄较大青少年的研究数据表明，社交媒体网站上的性展示与发布此类内容者以及观看者的不良信念和行为有关。在线色情内容对青少年似乎比线下来源更具问题。鉴于青少年在网上花费的时间大量且不断增加，以及他们在发育过程中容易受到影响，需要更多地关注数字性媒体研究。从事这项工作的人员应确定使用数字性媒体的潜在负面后果以及通过数字媒体改善青少年性健康的机会。需要开展关于线上和线下媒体的研究，让研究人员研究更年轻的媒体受众，确定解释性媒体对行为影响的过程以及影响的调节因素。此类研究可用于为减少负面结果和增强媒体积极影响的干预措施提供依据。政策制定者应推动此类干预措施的发展，包括帮助家长识别和管理媒体对其子女性健康和发育的负面影响的工具，以及传播与性健康相关的创新媒体素养项目。
