自然和人工集体系统中的标度不变性：综述。
Scale invariance in natural and artificial collective systems: a review.
机构信息
Ghent University-imec, IDLab-INTEC, Technologiepark 15, 9052 Gent, Belgium
KU Leuven, Laboratory of Socioecology and Social Evolution, Naamsestraat 59, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
出版信息
J R Soc Interface. 2017 Nov;14(136). doi: 10.1098/rsif.2017.0662.
Abstract
Self-organized collective coordinated behaviour is an impressive phenomenon, observed in a variety of natural and artificial systems, in which coherent global structures or dynamics emerge from local interactions between individual parts. If the degree of collective integration of a system does not depend on size, its level of robustness and adaptivity is typically increased and we refer to it as scale-invariant. In this review, we first identify three main types of self-organized scale-invariant systems: scale-invariant spatial structures, scale-invariant topologies and scale-invariant dynamics. We then provide examples of scale invariance from different domains in science, describe their origins and main features and discuss potential challenges and approaches for designing and engineering artificial systems with scale-invariant properties.
摘要
自组织集体协调行为是一种令人印象深刻的现象，在各种自然和人工系统中都有观察到，其中整体结构或动态从个体部分之间的局部相互作用中显现出来。如果系统的集体整合程度不依赖于规模，那么它的稳健性和适应性水平通常会提高，我们称之为标度不变。在这篇综述中，我们首先确定了三种主要类型的自组织标度不变系统：标度不变的空间结构、标度不变的拓扑结构和标度不变的动力学。然后，我们提供了来自科学不同领域的标度不变的例子，描述了它们的起源和主要特征，并讨论了设计和工程具有标度不变性质的人工系统的潜在挑战和方法。
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