Lee Yunjin, Park Jin-Young, Lee Eun-Hwa, Yang Jinho, Jeong Bo-Ri, Kim Yoon-Keun, Seoh Ju-Young, Lee SoHyun, Han Pyung-Lim, Kim Eui-Jung
Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea.
MD Healthcare Inc., Seoul, Korea.
Exp Neurobiol. 2017 Oct;26(5):307-317. doi: 10.5607/en.2017.26.5.307. Epub 2017 Oct 18.
Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have altered gut microbiota, which appears to regulate ASD symptoms via gut microbiota-brain interactions. Rapid assessment of gut microbiota profiles in ASD individuals in varying physiological contexts is important to understanding the role of the microbiota in regulating ASD symptoms. Microbiomes secrete extracellular membrane vesicles (EVs) to communicate with host cells and secreted EVs are widely distributed throughout the body including the blood and urine. In the present study, we investigated whether bacteria-derived EVs in urine are useful for the metagenome analysis of microbiota in ASD individuals. To address this, bacterial DNA was isolated from bacteria-derived EVs in the urine of ASD individuals. Subsequent metagenome analysis indicated markedly altered microbiota profiles at the levels of the phylum, class, order, family, and genus in ASD individuals relative to control subjects. Microbiota identified from urine EVs included gut microbiota reported in previous studies and their up- and down-regulation in ASD individuals were partially consistent with microbiota profiles previously assessed from ASD fecal samples. However, overall microbiota profiles identified in the present study represented a distinctive microbiota landscape for ASD. Particularly, the occupancy of , , , , and decreased in ASD, whereas , , , and increased. These results demonstrate distinctively altered gut microbiota profiles in ASD, and validate the utilization of urine EVs for the rapid assessment of microbiota in ASD.
患有自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的个体肠道微生物群发生了改变，这似乎通过肠道微生物群与大脑的相互作用来调节ASD症状。在不同生理背景下快速评估ASD个体的肠道微生物群谱对于理解微生物群在调节ASD症状中的作用至关重要。微生物群分泌细胞外膜泡（EVs）与宿主细胞进行通讯，分泌的EVs广泛分布于全身，包括血液和尿液。在本研究中，我们调查了尿液中细菌衍生的EVs是否有助于对ASD个体的微生物群进行宏基因组分析。为了解决这个问题，从ASD个体尿液中的细菌衍生EVs中分离出细菌DNA。随后的宏基因组分析表明，与对照受试者相比，ASD个体在门、纲、目、科和属水平上的微生物群谱有明显改变。从尿液EVs中鉴定出的微生物群包括先前研究中报道的肠道微生物群，它们在ASD个体中的上调和下调与先前从ASD粪便样本中评估的微生物群谱部分一致。然而，本研究中鉴定出的总体微生物群谱代表了ASD独特的微生物景观。特别是，在ASD中， 、 、 、 和 的占有率下降，而 、 、 和 增加。这些结果表明ASD中肠道微生物群谱有明显改变，并验证了尿液EVs在快速评估ASD微生物群中的应用。
