Gene Expression Regulation Laboratory, Carlos Chagas Institute, FIOCRUZ, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
National Institute of Science and Technology in Human Pathogenic Fungi, São Paulo, Brazil.
RNA Biol. 2024 Jan;21(1):37-51. doi: 10.1080/15476286.2024.2431781. Epub 2024 Nov 26.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-bound particles released by cells that play vital roles in intercellular communication by transporting diverse biologically active molecules, including RNA molecules, including mRNA, miRNA, lncRNA, and other regulatory RNAs. These RNA types are protected within the lipid bilayer of EVs, ensuring their stability and enabling long-distance cellular interactions. Notably, EVs play roles in infection, where pathogens and host cells use EV-mediated RNA transfer to influence immune responses and disease outcomes. For example, bacterial EVs play a crucial role in infection by modulating host immune responses and facilitating pathogen invasion. This review explores the complex interactions between EV-associated RNA and host-pathogen dynamics in bacteria, parasites, and fungi, aiming to uncover molecular mechanisms in infectious diseases and potential therapeutic targets.
细胞外囊泡（EVs）是由细胞释放的具有膜结构的颗粒，通过运输包括 mRNA、miRNA、lncRNA 和其他调节 RNA 等多种生物活性分子，在细胞间通讯中发挥重要作用。这些 RNA 类型被保护在 EV 的脂质双层内，确保其稳定性并实现长距离的细胞相互作用。值得注意的是，EV 在感染中发挥作用，病原体和宿主细胞利用 EV 介导的 RNA 转移来影响免疫反应和疾病结局。例如，细菌 EV 通过调节宿主免疫反应和促进病原体入侵，在感染中发挥关键作用。本综述探讨了 EV 相关 RNA 与细菌、寄生虫和真菌中宿主-病原体动态之间的复杂相互作用，旨在揭示传染病中的分子机制和潜在的治疗靶点。
