沙特阿拉伯吉达市女性青少年的体育活动：基于健康促进模型的路径分析
Physical Activity Among Female Adolescents in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia: A Health Promotion Model-Based Path Analysis.
作者信息
Bajamal Eman, Robbins Lorraine B, Ling Jiying, Smith Barbara, Pfeiffer Karin A, Sharma Dhruv
机构信息
Eman Bajamal, PhD, RN, is Assistant Professor, College of Nursing, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Lorraine B. Robbins, PhD, RN, FNP-BC, FAAN, is Associate Professor; Jiying Ling, PhD, RN, is Assistant Professor, and Barbara Smith, PhD, RN, FACSM, FAAN, is Professor, College of Nursing, Michigan State University, East Lansing. Karin A. Pfeiffer, PhD, is Associate Professor, College of Education, Department of Kinesiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI. Dhruv Sharma, PhD, is Statistician, Center for Statistical Training and Consulting, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI.
出版信息
Nurs Res. 2017 Nov/Dec;66(6):473-482. doi: 10.1097/NNR.0000000000000244.
BACKGROUND
In Saudi Arabia, about 14.8% of female children and adolescents of less than 20 years old are obese, compared with only 9.4% of male children and adolescents. One major factor linked to the high prevalence of obesity and related chronic illnesses involves inadequate physical activity (PA). Only 25% of female adolescents in Saudi Arabia meet the recommendation calling for 60 minutes of moderate to vigorous PA per day.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this research was to examine relationships among self-reported PA and cognitive and affective variables, including perceived barriers to PA, PA self-efficacy, enjoyment of PA, social support for PA, and commitment to PA.
METHODS
Female Saudi adolescents 13-18 years of age were recruited from 10 public intermediate and high schools in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Female adolescents who met the inclusion criteria completed surveys and participated in height and weight measurements at schools. A structural equation model based on the health promotion model was estimated, with commitment to PA hypothesized to mediate relationships between health promotion model (HPM) predictors and self-reported PA.
RESULTS
A total of 405 female adolescents with a mean age of 15.4 years took part in the study, of whom 25.3% were overweight or obese. Mean PA level measured via the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents was 2.1 (SD = 0.66), which is low. Commitment to PA partially mediated the relationships of PA self-efficacy, enjoyment of PA, and social support for PA; 25.4% of the variance in PA was explained. The model did not support the indirect relationship of perceived barriers through commitment or the direct relationship between enjoyment and PA.
DISCUSSION
This study indicates that Saudi female adolescents are in need of interventions to increase their PA. The findings suggest that addressing perceived barriers to PA and targeting PA self-efficacy, enjoyment of PA, and social support for PA to enhance commitment to PA may be a fruitful approach in nursing interventions to increase PA among Saudi female adolescents.
背景
在沙特阿拉伯，20岁以下的女童和青少年中约14.8%肥胖，而男童和青少年中这一比例仅为9.4%。与肥胖及相关慢性病高患病率相关的一个主要因素是身体活动不足。沙特阿拉伯只有25%的女性青少年达到了每天进行60分钟中等至剧烈身体活动的建议标准。
目的
本研究旨在探讨自我报告的身体活动与认知及情感变量之间的关系，这些变量包括对身体活动的感知障碍、身体活动自我效能感、身体活动乐趣、身体活动的社会支持以及对身体活动的承诺。
方法
从沙特阿拉伯吉达的10所公立初中和高中招募了13 - 18岁的沙特女性青少年。符合纳入标准的女性青少年在学校完成问卷调查并参与身高和体重测量。估计了一个基于健康促进模型的结构方程模型，假设对身体活动的承诺可调节健康促进模型（HPM）预测因素与自我报告的身体活动之间的关系。
结果
共有405名平均年龄为15.4岁的女性青少年参与了研究，其中25.3%超重或肥胖。通过青少年身体活动问卷测量的平均身体活动水平为2.1（标准差 = 0.66），较低。对身体活动的承诺部分调节了身体活动自我效能感、身体活动乐趣和身体活动社会支持之间的关系；解释了身体活动中25.4%的方差。该模型不支持感知障碍通过承诺产生的间接关系，也不支持乐趣与身体活动之间的直接关系。
讨论
本研究表明沙特女性青少年需要干预措施来增加她们的身体活动。研究结果表明，解决对身体活动的感知障碍，并针对身体活动自我效能感、身体活动乐趣和身体活动社会支持来增强对身体活动的承诺，可能是护理干预中增加沙特女性青少年身体活动的有效方法。
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