Ludlow Amanda K, Chadwick Eleanor, Morey Alice, Edwards Rebecca, Gutierrez Roberto
University of Hertfordshire, UK; University of Birmingham, UK.
University of Birmingham, UK.
J Commun Disord. 2017 Nov;70:25-34. doi: 10.1016/j.jcomdis.2017.10.003. Epub 2017 Oct 31.
The present research explored the ability of children with ADHD to distinguish between sarcasm and sincerity. Twenty-two children with a clinical diagnosis of ADHD were compared with 22 age and verbal IQ matched typically developing children using the Social Inference-Minimal Test from The Awareness of Social Inference Test (TASIT, McDonald, Flanagan, & Rollins, 2002). This test assesses an individual's ability to interpret naturalistic social interactions containing sincerity, simple sarcasm and paradoxical sarcasm. Children with ADHD demonstrated specific deficits in comprehending paradoxical sarcasm and they performed significantly less accurately than the typically developing children. While there were no significant differences between the children with ADHD and the typically developing children in their ability to comprehend sarcasm based on the speaker's intentions and beliefs, the children with ADHD were found to be significantly less accurate when basing their decision on the feelings of the speaker, but also on what the speaker had said. Results are discussed in light of difficulties in their understanding of complex cues of social interactions, and non-literal language being symptomatic of children with a clinical diagnosis of ADHD. The importance of pragmatic language skills in their ability to detect social and emotional information is highlighted.
本研究探讨了患有注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的儿童区分讽刺和真诚的能力。使用《社会推理-最小测试》（来自《社会推理意识测试》，即TASIT，麦克唐纳、弗拉纳根和罗林斯，2002年），将22名临床诊断为ADHD的儿童与22名年龄和言语智商相匹配的发育正常儿童进行比较。该测试评估个体解读包含真诚、简单讽刺和矛盾讽刺的自然主义社会互动的能力。患有ADHD的儿童在理解矛盾讽刺方面表现出特定缺陷，其表现明显不如发育正常的儿童准确。虽然在基于说话者的意图和信念理解讽刺的能力方面，患有ADHD的儿童与发育正常的儿童之间没有显著差异，但发现患有ADHD的儿童在根据说话者的感受以及说话内容做出判断时，准确性明显较低。根据他们在理解社会互动复杂线索方面的困难以及非字面语言是临床诊断为ADHD儿童的症状这一情况对结果进行了讨论。强调了语用语言技能在他们检测社会和情感信息能力中的重要性。
