Szelecsenyi Arlette Cornelia, Giger Urs, Golini Lorenzo, Mothersill Ian, Torgerson Paul R, Steffen Frank
Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Small Animal Clinic, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
School of Veterinary Medicine, Section of Medical Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Vet Rec. 2017 Nov;181(18):479. doi: 10.1136/vr.104281.
Survival of cats with epilepsy of unknown cause (EUC) has not been reported. Seizure semiology and its relationship to treatment outcome and survival was studied in a population of 76 cats. A questionnaire for seizure semiology was developed based on experimental data. Seizure semiology was characterised by owner interviews at least one year after discharge. Seizures were classified as (1) primary generalised and (2) focal without and (3) with secondary generalisation. Median age at seizure onset was four (range 0.3-18) years. One-third of cats with EUC presented with primary generalised seizures and 78 per cent of those with initially focal seizures progressed to secondary generalised seizures. Clinical signs of generalised seizures included sudden onset of loss of consciousness and tonic-clonic seizures, while cats with focal seizures had unilateral signs. Antiepileptic drug (AED) therapy was initiated in 62 cats. Complete remission rate was 42 per cent and the median survival time was 3.2 (range 1-11) years with or without AED, and 91 per cent were still alive at the time of interview. Neither semiology nor seizure type predicted survival, response to treatment and outcome in cats with EUC. A seizure-free status of more than 12 months was observed in 79 per cent of cats without AED.
尚未有关于不明原因癫痫（EUC）猫的存活情况的报道。在76只猫中研究了癫痫发作的症状学及其与治疗结果和存活的关系。基于实验数据编制了一份癫痫发作症状学调查问卷。癫痫发作症状学通过出院后至少一年的主人访谈来确定。癫痫发作分为（1）原发性全身性发作、（2）无继发性全身性发作的局灶性发作和（3）伴有继发性全身性发作的局灶性发作。癫痫发作开始时的中位年龄为4岁（范围0.3 - 18岁）。三分之一的EUC猫表现为原发性全身性发作，78%最初为局灶性发作的猫进展为继发性全身性发作。全身性发作的临床症状包括意识突然丧失和强直阵挛性发作，而局灶性发作的猫有单侧症状。62只猫开始使用抗癫痫药物（AED）治疗。完全缓解率为42%，无论是否使用AED，中位存活时间为3.2年（范围1 - 11年），91%的猫在访谈时仍然存活。在EUC猫中，症状学和癫痫发作类型均不能预测存活、对治疗的反应和结果情况。79%未使用AED的猫观察到无癫痫发作状态超过12个月。
