Center on Alcoholism, Substance Abuse, and Addictions, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA.
J Sleep Res. 2018 Jun;27(3):e12624. doi: 10.1111/jsr.12624. Epub 2017 Nov 3.
The present study examined whether work stressors contribute to sleep problems and depressive symptoms over the course of deployment (i.e. pre-deployment, post-deployment and 6-month reintegration) among US Navy members. Specifically, we examined whether depressive symptoms or sleep quality mediate the relationships between work stressors and these outcomes. Participants were 101 US Navy members who experienced an 8-month deployment after Operational Enduring Freedom/Operation Iraqi Freedom. Using piecewise latent growth models, we found that increased work stressors were linked to increased depressive symptoms and decreased sleep quality across all three deployment stages. Further, increases in work stressors from pre- to post-deployment contributed to poorer sleep quality post-deployment via increasing depressive symptoms. Moreover, sleep quality mediated the association between increases in work stressors and increases in depressive symptoms from pre- to post-deployment. These effects were maintained from post-deployment through the 6-month reintegration. Although preliminary, our results suggest that changes in work stressors may have small, but significant implications for both depressive symptoms and quality of sleep over time, and a bi-directional relationship persists between sleep quality and depression across deployment. Strategies that target both stress and sleep could address both precipitating and perpetuating factors that affect sleep and depressive symptoms.
本研究考察了工作压力源是否会导致美国海军人员在部署期间（即部署前、部署后和 6 个月的重新融入阶段）出现睡眠问题和抑郁症状。具体而言，我们研究了抑郁症状或睡眠质量是否在工作压力源与这些结果之间的关系中起中介作用。参与者是 101 名经历过持久自由行动/伊拉克自由行动 8 个月部署的美国海军人员。使用分段潜在增长模型，我们发现，工作压力源的增加与所有三个部署阶段的抑郁症状增加和睡眠质量下降有关。此外，工作压力源从部署前到部署后的增加通过增加抑郁症状导致部署后睡眠质量下降。此外，睡眠质量中介了工作压力源增加与从部署前到部署后抑郁症状增加之间的关联。这些影响从部署后持续到 6 个月的重新融入阶段。尽管初步研究结果表明，工作压力源的变化可能对抑郁症状和睡眠质量随着时间的推移产生小而显著的影响，而且睡眠质量和抑郁之间的双向关系在整个部署过程中持续存在。针对压力和睡眠的策略可以解决影响睡眠和抑郁症状的促成和持续因素。
