Center for Vital Longevity and School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Psychiatry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
Trends Cogn Sci. 2017 Dec;21(12):981-996. doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2017.09.006.
The organization of the brain network enables its function. Evaluation of this organization has revealed that large-scale brain networks consist of multiple segregated subnetworks of interacting brain areas. Descriptions of resting-state network architecture have provided clues for understanding the functional significance of these segregated subnetworks, many of which correspond to distinct brain systems. The present report synthesizes accumulating evidence to reveal how maintaining segregated brain systems renders the human brain network functionally specialized, adaptable to task demands, and largely resilient following focal brain damage. The organizational properties that support system segregation are harmonious with the properties that promote integration across the network, but confer unique and important features to the brain network that are central to its function and behavior.
大脑网络的组织方式使其能够发挥功能。对这种组织方式的评估表明，大规模的大脑网络由多个相互作用的脑区的分离子网组成。对静息态网络结构的描述为理解这些分离子网的功能意义提供了线索，其中许多对应于不同的大脑系统。本报告综合了累积的证据，揭示了维持分离的大脑系统如何使人类大脑网络具有功能特异性，使其能够适应任务需求，并在大脑局部损伤后保持很大的弹性。支持系统分离的组织特性与促进网络内整合的特性是和谐的，但赋予了大脑网络独特而重要的特征，这些特征是其功能和行为的核心。
