Center for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Research Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2018 Jan;25(2):1713-1718. doi: 10.1007/s11356-017-0561-6. Epub 2017 Nov 3.
Air pollution is considered as an environmental risk to health worldwide. Current evidence is mostly from Western populations exposed to lower levels of pollutants. This study was to explore the association of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and hypertension prevalence with exposure to high levels of air pollution in Iranian adults. The air pollution data were obtained from the air quality monitoring stations of five large cities in Iran from 2006 to 2011. The air quality monitoring stations could only detect ambient particulate matter_10 (PM) during the study period; therefore, the average PM concentration was considered for comparison. We grouped the cities as group 1 (Tehran, Shiraz) with PM concentration < 100 μg/m, and group 2 (Kermanshah, Ahwaz, Esfahan) with PM concentration > 100 μg/m. Data from the Surveillance of Risk Factors of Non-Communicable Disease (SuRFNCD) study were used to calculate the prevalence of T2D and hypertension. We assessed the association between air pollution and the prevalence of T2D using logistic regression models. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% CI for each outcome were calculated after adjusting for age, sex, BMI, physical activity, and other covariates. The 5-year average of PM concentration was higher in group 2 (120.15 ± 6.81 μg/m) compared to group 1 (83.95 ± 7.81 μg/m). The prevalence of T2D in group 2 was 13.8%, while it was 10.7% in group 1 (p = 0.01), OR = 1.32 (95% CI 1.03-1.69). Similarly, hypertension was more prevalent in group 2 (15.7 vs. 11.9%, p = 0.005, OR = 1.55, 95% CI 1.20-1.99). PM is associated with higher prevalence of T2D and hypertension in Iranian adults.
空气污染被认为是全球范围内对健康的环境风险。目前的证据主要来自于暴露于较低污染物水平的西方人群。本研究旨在探讨伊朗成年人中 2 型糖尿病（T2D）和高血压患病率与高水平空气污染暴露之间的关系。空气污染数据来自 2006 年至 2011 年伊朗五个大城市的空气质量监测站。在研究期间，空气质量监测站只能检测环境颗粒物_10（PM）；因此，考虑了平均 PM 浓度进行比较。我们将城市分为两组：第一组（德黑兰、设拉子）的 PM 浓度<100μg/m，第二组（克尔曼沙赫、阿瓦兹、伊斯法罕）的 PM 浓度>100μg/m。使用非传染性疾病危险因素监测研究（SuRFNCD）的数据来计算 T2D 和高血压的患病率。我们使用逻辑回归模型评估空气污染与 T2D 患病率之间的关系。在调整年龄、性别、BMI、体力活动和其他协变量后，计算每个结果的比值比（OR）及其 95%置信区间。第二组（120.15±6.81μg/m）的 PM 浓度 5 年平均值高于第一组（83.95±7.81μg/m）。第二组的 T2D 患病率为 13.8%，而第一组为 10.7%（p=0.01），OR=1.32（95%CI 1.03-1.69）。同样，高血压在第二组更为普遍（15.7%对 11.9%，p=0.005，OR=1.55，95%CI 1.20-1.99）。PM 与伊朗成年人中 T2D 和高血压的高患病率有关。
