Jimma University Laboratory of Drug Quality (JuLaDQ), Jimma University, PO Box 378, Jimma, Ethiopia; School of Pharmacy, Jimma University, P.O. Box 378, Jimma, Ethiopia.
Jimma University Laboratory of Drug Quality (JuLaDQ), Jimma University, PO Box 378, Jimma, Ethiopia; School of Pharmacy, Jimma University, P.O. Box 378, Jimma, Ethiopia; Drug Quality and Registration (DruQuaR) Group, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 34, Bishoftu, Ethiopia.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2018 Mar 1;213:262-279. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.10.034. Epub 2017 Nov 2.
Medicinal plants have always been an integral part of different cultures in Ethiopia in the treatment of different illnesses including malaria and related symptoms. However, due to lack of proper documentation, urbanization, drought, acculturation and deforestation, there is an increased risk of losing this traditional knowledge. Hence, the use of the indigenous knowledge should be well documented and validated for potential future use.
To gather and document information on medicinal plants which are used in the traditional treatment of malaria and related symptoms in Ethiopia.
First, an ethnomedicinal survey of plants was conducted in 17 districts of Jimma zone, the Oromia national regional state of Ethiopia. Jimma zone is malarious and rich in natural flora. A total of 115 traditional healers were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire containing personal data of the respondents, and information on medicinal plants used to treat malaria and related symptoms. In addition, a literature search using Medline/PubMed, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect and HINARI was conducted on the indigenous use, in-vitro/in-vivo anti-malarial activity reports, and the chemical characterization of medicinal plants of Ethiopia used against malaria.
From ethnomedicinal survey, a total of 28 species of plants used in the traditional treatment of malaria and related symptoms in Jimma Zone were collected, identified and documented. In addition, the literature search revealed that 124 medicinal plant species were reported to be traditionally used in the treatment of malaria in Ethiopia. From both ethnomedicinal survey and the literature search, Asteraceae and Fabaceae were the most represented families and Allium sativum L., Carica papaya L., Vernonia amygdalina Del., Lepidium sativum L. and Croton macrostachyus Del. were the most frequently reported plant species for their anti-malarial use. The dominant plant parts used in the preparation of remedies were leaves. About 54% of the medicinal plants documented in the survey have been reported as an anti-malarial plant in the literature search. Furthermore, the in-vitro and in-vivo anti-plasmodial activity reports of extracts from some of plant species were found to support the traditional claim of the documented plants. Moreover, literatures indicate that several secondary metabolites isolated from certain plant species that are traditionally used for the treatment of malaria and related symptoms in Ethiopia demonstrate strong anti-plasmodial activity.
The result of the current study showed that traditional knowledge is still playing an important role in the management of malaria and related symptoms in Ethiopia. Allium sativum L., Carica papaya L., Vernonia amygdalina Del., and Lepidium sativum L. are the most commonly reported species as anti-malarial plants and the traditional claim of some species was supported by known anti-plasmodial activity and bioactivity reports. The finding of this study is important in the rational prioritization of plant species which are potentially used for investigating new compounds, which could be efficacious for malaria treatment.
药用植物一直是埃塞俄比亚不同文化中治疗疟疾和相关症状等各种疾病的重要组成部分。然而，由于缺乏适当的记录、城市化、干旱、文化同化和森林砍伐，这些传统知识面临着失传的风险。因此，应该对这些本土知识进行充分记录和验证，以备将来使用。
收集和记录在埃塞俄比亚传统医学中用于治疗疟疾和相关症状的药用植物信息。
首先，在埃塞俄比亚奥罗米亚州的吉马地区的 17 个区进行了植物民族医学调查。吉马地区疟疾流行，自然资源丰富。共采访了 115 名传统治疗师，使用的半结构化问卷包含受访者的个人数据，以及用于治疗疟疾和相关症状的药用植物信息。此外，还利用 Medline/PubMed、Google Scholar、ScienceDirect 和 HINARI 进行了文献检索，以查找关于埃塞俄比亚用于治疗疟疾的本土植物的民间用途、体外/体内抗疟活性报告以及化学特性。
从民族医学调查中，共收集、鉴定和记录了 28 种用于治疗吉马地区疟疾和相关症状的植物。此外，文献检索显示，124 种药用植物被报道在埃塞俄比亚传统上用于治疗疟疾。从民族医学调查和文献检索中可以看出，菊科和豆科是最常见的科，而大蒜（Allium sativum L.）、木瓜（Carica papaya L.）、苦艾（Vernonia amygdalina Del.）、生菜（Lepidium sativum L.）和大花钩叶藤（Croton macrostachyus Del.）是最常被报道用于治疗疟疾的植物物种。用于制备药物的主要植物部位是叶子。在调查中记录的药用植物中，约有 54%在文献检索中被报道为抗疟植物。此外，一些植物物种的提取物的体外和体内抗疟活性报告支持了所记录植物的传统说法。此外，文献表明，几种从埃塞俄比亚传统上用于治疗疟疾和相关症状的某些植物物种中分离出的次生代谢物表现出很强的抗疟活性。
目前的研究结果表明，传统知识在埃塞俄比亚疟疾和相关症状的管理中仍然发挥着重要作用。大蒜（Allium sativum L.）、木瓜（Carica papaya L.）、苦艾（Vernonia amygdalina Del.）和生菜（Lepidium sativum L.）是最常被报道的抗疟植物物种，一些物种的传统说法得到了已知的抗疟活性和生物活性报告的支持。这项研究的发现对于合理确定具有潜在药用价值的植物物种的优先级具有重要意义，这些植物物种可能用于研究新的化合物，以有效治疗疟疾。
