Tun P A
Veterans Administration Outpatient Clinic, Boston.
J Gerontol. 1989 Jan;44(1):P9-15. doi: 10.1093/geronj/44.1.p9.
A dual-task procedure was used to examine the effects of text genre on prose processing, comprehension, and recall in 20 young (18-33 years) and 20 old (65-80 years) adults. Response latencies on a secondary task provided an index of cognitive capacity used in reading narrative and expository passages. Both groups recalled more of narratives than of expository passages, although old subjects recalled less than young. Also, the narrative protocols of both age groups showed a greater difference for recall of main ideas as compared to details. Age differences in the pattern of text genre effects were found on measures of comprehension, capacity utilization, and processing efficiency. It appears that the narrative genre facilitated most measures of performance and partially compensated for some limitations in the older group.
采用双任务程序，研究文本体裁对20名年轻成年人（18 - 33岁）和20名年长成年人（65 - 80岁）散文处理、理解及回忆的影响。次要任务的反应潜伏期提供了阅读叙事性和说明性篇章时所使用认知能力的指标。两组对叙事性篇章的回忆均多于说明性篇章，不过年长受试者的回忆量少于年轻受试者。此外，两个年龄组的叙事性记录在主要观点回忆和细节回忆方面的差异更大。在理解、能力利用和处理效率指标上发现了文本体裁效应模式的年龄差异。叙事体裁似乎促进了大多数表现指标，并部分弥补了老年组的一些局限性。
