Vanathy K, Parija Subhash Chandra, Mandal Jharna, Hamide Abdoul, Krishnamurthy Sriram
Department of Microbiology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India.
Department of Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India.
Trop Parasitol. 2017 Jul-Dec;7(2):72-80. doi: 10.4103/tp.TP_25_17.
spp. was first described in mice in 1907. The first human case was reported in an acquired immune deficiency syndrome patient after which it gained importance. It is one of the emerging protozoan parasites according to the Centre of Disease Control and Prevention. The special structure which is present in them such as rhoptries and micronemes are responsible for their virulence and pathogenicity. They can be transmitted from animals, human to human, water, food, and tends to cause waterborne outbreaks. The clinical manifestation in immunocompetent patient is self-limiting when compared to immunocompromised individual where it causes chronic diarrhea not responding to treatment. Hence, it is necessary to diagnose them early to prevent any complication in these patients. There are many investigations currently available such as stool microscopy after Sheather's concentration technique, rapid test targeting specific antigen, molecular methods, and imaging techniques.
该物种于1907年首次在小鼠中被描述。首例人类病例是在一名获得性免疫缺陷综合征患者中报告的，此后它变得重要起来。根据疾病控制和预防中心的说法，它是新兴的原生动物寄生虫之一。它们所具有的特殊结构，如棒状体和微线体，是其毒力和致病性的原因。它们可以通过动物、人与人之间、水、食物传播，并容易引发水源性疫情。与免疫功能低下的个体相比，免疫功能正常的患者的临床表现具有自限性，在免疫功能低下的个体中，它会导致对治疗无反应的慢性腹泻。因此，有必要早期诊断它们以预防这些患者出现任何并发症。目前有许多检测方法，如经谢弗浓缩技术后的粪便显微镜检查、针对特定抗原的快速检测、分子方法和成像技术。
