Department of General Surgery and Center of Translational Medicine, Wuxi Second Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, 68 Zhongshan Road, Wuxi, 214000, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
Med Oncol. 2017 Nov 9;34(12):196. doi: 10.1007/s12032-017-1055-6.
RNA-binding protein tristetraprolin (TTP) plays a fundamental role in various physiological and pathological processes including differentiation, reprogramming, metabolism, proliferation, pluripotency, tumorigenesis and immunity. Due to its ability to bind and target ARE-containing mRNAs for rapid degradation, TTP down-regulates the expression of a mass of critical genes, thereby functioning as cancer suppressor gene. The loss of TTP has been reported in several human cancers and is relevant to poor prognosis. Recent research shows that TTP also has an emerging significant role in immunity. The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of various roles of TTP in human cancers and immunity. We summarize TTP deficiency in several cancers and discuss that the lack of TTP can influence tumor progression at different aspects such as promoting cancer cell proliferation; accelerating cell cycle; improving survivability and resisting cell death; inducing angiogenesis; activating invasion and metastasis; inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition; and deregulating cellular energetics. We also pay attention to novel understanding of the relationship between TTP and immunity. Finally, due to its vital role, the disorder of TTP in both cancer and immune cells receives increasing attention and we overview current thinking about regulatory mechanisms of TTP itself expression. This knowledge may contribute to TTP becoming a diagnostic marker for cancer or immune-related diseases and a possible therapeutic target.
RNA 结合蛋白 tristetraprolin（TTP）在包括分化、重编程、代谢、增殖、多能性、肿瘤发生和免疫在内的各种生理和病理过程中发挥着基本作用。由于其能够结合和靶向含有 ARE 的 mRNAs 以进行快速降解，TTP 下调大量关键基因的表达，从而作为抑癌基因发挥作用。已在几种人类癌症中报道了 TTP 的缺失，并且与预后不良相关。最近的研究表明，TTP 在免疫中也具有新兴的重要作用。本文旨在概述 TTP 在人类癌症和免疫中的各种作用。我们总结了几种癌症中 TTP 的缺乏，并讨论了缺乏 TTP 可以在促进癌细胞增殖、加速细胞周期、提高存活率和抵抗细胞死亡、诱导血管生成、激活侵袭和转移、诱导上皮-间充质转化以及调节细胞能量代谢等不同方面影响肿瘤进展。我们还关注了对 TTP 与免疫之间关系的新认识。最后，由于其重要作用，TTP 在癌症和免疫细胞中的失调受到越来越多的关注，我们综述了目前对 TTP 自身表达的调控机制的思考。这些知识可能有助于 TTP 成为癌症或免疫相关疾病的诊断标志物和可能的治疗靶点。
