Ojeda-Granados Claudia, Panduro Arturo, Gonzalez-Aldaco Karina, Sepulveda-Villegas Maricruz, Rivera-Iñiguez Ingrid, Roman Sonia
Department of Molecular Biology in Medicine, Civil Hospital of Guadalajara "Fray Antonio Alcalde", Hospital #278, Col. El Retiro, Guadalajara 44280, Jalisco, Mexico.
Health Sciences Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico.
J Pers Med. 2017 Nov 10;7(4):16. doi: 10.3390/jpm7040016.
Diet-related adaptive gene (DRAG) polymorphisms identified in specific populations are associated with chronic disorders in carriers of the adaptive alleles due to changes in dietary and lifestyle patterns in recent times. Mexico's population is comprised of Amerindians (AM) and Mestizos who have variable AM, European (EUR) and African genetic ancestry and an increased risk of nutrition-related chronic diseases. Nutritional advice based on the Mexican genome and the traditional food culture is needed to develop preventive and therapeutic strategies. Therefore, we aimed to provide a prevalence profile of several DRAG polymorphisms in the Mexican population, including Central West (CW) Mexico subpopulations. Geographic heat maps were built using ArcGIS10 (Esri, Redlands, CA, USA) software, based on the published data of the C677T (rs1801133), Arg230Cys (rs9282541), T388C (rs429358)/C526T (rs7412), C-13910T (rs4988235) polymorphisms and copy number variation (CNV). Also, new data obtained by allelic discrimination-real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assays for the , , and polymorphisms as well as the CNV in the CW Mexico subpopulations with different proportions of AM and EUR ancestry were included. In the CW region, the highest frequency of the 677T, 230C and ε4 adaptive alleles was observed in the AM groups, followed by Mestizos with intermediate AM ancestry. The -13910T allele frequency was highest in Mestizos-EUR but extremely low in AM, while the diploid copy number was 6.82 ± 3.3 copies. Overall, the heat maps showed a heterogeneous distribution of the DRAG polymorphisms, in which the AM groups revealed the highest frequencies of the adaptive alleles followed by Mestizos. Given these genetic differences, genome-based nutritional advice should be tailored in a regionalized and individualized manner according to the available foods and Mexican traditional food culture that may lead to a healthier dietary pattern.
在特定人群中鉴定出的饮食相关适应性基因（DRAG）多态性，由于近期饮食和生活方式的改变，与适应性等位基因携带者的慢性疾病有关。墨西哥人口由美洲印第安人（AM）和梅斯蒂索人组成，他们具有不同比例的美洲印第安人、欧洲（EUR）和非洲遗传血统，且营养相关慢性疾病风险增加。需要基于墨西哥基因组和传统饮食文化的营养建议来制定预防和治疗策略。因此，我们旨在提供墨西哥人群中几种DRAG多态性的流行概况，包括墨西哥中西部（CW）亚人群。基于已发表的C677T（rs1801133）、Arg230Cys（rs9282541）、T388C（rs429358）/C526T（rs7412）多态性以及拷贝数变异（CNV）的数据，使用ArcGIS10（美国加利福尼亚州雷德兰兹市Esri公司）软件绘制地理热图。此外，还纳入了通过等位基因鉴别 - 实时聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）检测获得的关于墨西哥中西部不同比例美洲印第安人和欧洲血统亚人群中、和多态性以及CNV的新数据。在中西部地区，AM组中677T、230C和ε4适应性等位基因的频率最高，其次是具有中等美洲印第安人血统的梅斯蒂索人。-13910T等位基因频率在梅斯蒂索 - 欧洲血统人群中最高，但在美洲印第安人中极低，而二倍体拷贝数为6.82±3.3拷贝。总体而言，热图显示DRAG多态性分布不均，其中AM组显示适应性等位基因频率最高，其次是梅斯蒂索人。鉴于这些遗传差异，应根据可获得的食物和墨西哥传统饮食文化，以区域化和个体化的方式制定基于基因组的营养建议，这可能会带来更健康的饮食模式。
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