Izmir Bozyaka Educational and Research Hospital, Department of Infectious Diseases, Izmir, Turkey.
Izmir Bozyaka Educational and Research Hospital, Department of Infectious Diseases, Izmir, Turkey.
Vaccine. 2017 Dec 19;35(52):7309-7311. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.10.102. Epub 2017 Nov 8.
Measles is a highly contagious viral infection potentially with serious complications and the principal method of protection from the disease is vaccination. Measles vaccination resulted in a 79% drop in measles deaths between 2000 and 2015 worldwide. There has long been a debate about the necessity and benefit-loss ratio of routine MMR vaccination due to possible AE of MMR vaccine. Especially in developed countries which are thought to be free of measles there is an increasing tendency towards hesitation for vaccination though there have been continued outbreaks of measles in countries in which measles is considered to be eliminated. Considering those facts, we decided to publish our data about measles vaccination and adverse effects (AE) during national catch-up measles vaccination programme which took place December 8-26, 2003. A total of 152.648 children aged between seven and fourteen were vaccinated by a live attenuated measles vaccine of which 148.064 (97%) had received measles vaccine by age nine or twelve months. During one month follow-up the AE were recorded. Totally 30.302 AE were reported in 24.209 children, of which 52% of them were local and pain and swelling at injection side were the most common AE. Fever and headache were the most commonly observed systemic side effects. All AE were mild and transient except in four children in whom encephalitis was diagnosed during the one month observation period. Further investigation of the etiology of those cases revealed that they were not related to measles or measles vaccine. In conclusion, single-component measles vaccine was found to be safe in previously MMR vaccinated children in short term and long term effects may be need to be clarified by further studies.
麻疹是一种高度传染性的病毒感染，可能会引起严重的并发症，预防这种疾病的主要方法是接种疫苗。在 2000 年至 2015 年期间，麻疹疫苗的接种使全球麻疹死亡人数减少了 79%。由于 MMR 疫苗可能出现的不良反应，长期以来一直存在关于常规 MMR 疫苗接种的必要性和效益风险比的争论。特别是在被认为没有麻疹的发达国家，尽管在一些被认为已经消除麻疹的国家仍有麻疹持续爆发，但人们对接种疫苗的犹豫不决的趋势越来越明显。考虑到这些事实，我们决定公布我们在 2003 年 12 月 8 日至 26 日期间进行的全国麻疹疫苗补种计划中关于麻疹疫苗接种和不良反应（AE）的数据。共有 152648 名 7 至 14 岁的儿童接种了减毒活麻疹疫苗，其中 148064 名（97%）在 9 岁或 12 个月时接种过麻疹疫苗。在一个月的随访期间记录了不良反应。在 24209 名儿童中报告了 30302 例不良反应，其中 52%为局部反应，注射部位疼痛和肿胀最为常见。发热和头痛是最常见的全身副作用。所有不良反应均为轻度和短暂的，除了在观察期间的一个月内有 4 名儿童被诊断为脑炎。对这些病例病因的进一步调查显示，它们与麻疹或麻疹疫苗无关。总之，单组分麻疹疫苗在以前接种过 MMR 疫苗的儿童中被发现是安全的，其长期影响可能需要进一步研究来阐明。
