Torchen Laura C
Division of Endocrinology, Ann & Robert H Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, 225 E Chicago Ave, Box 54, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
Curr Diab Rep. 2017 Nov 11;17(12):137. doi: 10.1007/s11892-017-0956-2.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is diagnosed by its characteristic reproductive features. However, PCOS is also associated with metabolic abnormalities, including insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction. The severity of these abnormalities varies according to the reproductive phenotype, with the so-called NIH or classic phenotype conferring the greatest metabolic risk. The increased risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D) is well established among affected women with the NIH phenotype, but whether PCOS also confers an increased risk for cardiovascular events remains unknown.
Recent studies in daughters of affected women have found evidence for pancreatic β-cell dysfunction prior to menarche. Further, genetic analyses have provided evidence that metabolic abnormalities such as obesity and insulin resistance contribute to the pathogenesis of PCOS. PCOS increases the risk for T2D. However, the risk for cardiovascular disease has not been quantified, and prospective, longitudinal studies are still critically needed.
多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）通过其特征性的生殖特征进行诊断。然而，PCOS还与代谢异常相关，包括胰岛素抵抗和β细胞功能障碍。这些异常的严重程度根据生殖表型而有所不同，所谓的美国国立卫生研究院（NIH）或经典表型具有最大的代谢风险。在患有NIH表型的受影响女性中，2型糖尿病（T2D）风险增加已得到充分证实，但PCOS是否也会增加心血管事件的风险仍不清楚。
最近对受影响女性女儿的研究发现了初潮前胰腺β细胞功能障碍的证据。此外，基因分析提供了证据表明肥胖和胰岛素抵抗等代谢异常促成了PCOS的发病机制。PCOS增加了T2D的风险。然而，心血管疾病的风险尚未量化，仍然迫切需要前瞻性纵向研究。
