Piyathilake Chandrika J, Badiga Suguna, Hernandez Adrianna, Brill Ilene K, Jolly Pauline E
The University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) Department of Nutrition Sciences, United States.
The University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) Department of Nutrition Sciences, United States.
Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2022 Jun;32(6):1385-1391. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2022.02.007. Epub 2022 Feb 23.
Adequate dietary intakes of essential micronutrients are critical to prevent insulin resistance (IR)-related diseases. Even though the excess calorie intake linked with obesity is also associated with such diseases, no previous studies evaluated the importance of meeting the Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) of micronutrients in relation to calorie intake in those at risk for developing IR.
We evaluated the relationship between the ability or failure to meet the DRI of micronutrients in relation to daily calorie intake in 463 childbearing-age women with a higher prevalence of IR. 56-65% women met the DRIs for vitamin B12, vitamin C, thiamine, and riboflavin while only 0%-49% met the DRIs for folate, pyridoxine, niacin, pantothenic acid, total carotene, vitamins A, D and E by consuming an acceptable number of calories. Women who met the DRIs of folate and vitamin C within acceptable daily calorie intakes were 59% and 66% less likely to have higher Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) compared to women who did not.
Understanding the mechanisms that explain our findings will be of value to address IR-associated with exposure to high calorie/low-micronutrient dense diets consumed by childbearing-age women. Since there is a global recognition that IR has been increasing in adults and children, similar studies of this nature in pregnant women at risk for IR will provide much needed data to assess the burden of such adverse dietary habits in the offspring. Our study approach may form the foundation for such studies.
充足的必需微量营养素膳食摄入量对于预防胰岛素抵抗（IR）相关疾病至关重要。尽管与肥胖相关的热量摄入过多也与这类疾病有关，但此前尚无研究评估满足微量营养素膳食参考摄入量（DRI）相对于热量摄入对有发生IR风险人群的重要性。
我们评估了463名IR患病率较高的育龄妇女中，满足或未满足微量营养素DRI与每日热量摄入之间的关系。56% - 65%的妇女满足维生素B12、维生素C、硫胺素和核黄素的DRI，而通过摄入可接受热量来满足叶酸、吡哆醇、烟酸、泛酸、总胡萝卜素、维生素A、D和E的DRI的妇女仅占0% - 49%。在可接受的每日热量摄入范围内满足叶酸和维生素C的DRI的妇女，与未满足的妇女相比，发生胰岛素抵抗稳态模型评估（HOMA - IR）升高的可能性分别降低59%和66%。
了解解释我们研究结果的机制，对于解决与育龄妇女摄入高热量/低微量营养素密度饮食相关的IR问题具有重要意义。鉴于全球都认识到IR在成人和儿童中呈上升趋势，对有IR风险的孕妇进行类似性质的研究，将为评估此类不良饮食习惯对后代的负担提供急需的数据。我们的研究方法可能为此类研究奠定基础。
