Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
BMC Geriatr. 2017 Nov 13;17(1):263. doi: 10.1186/s12877-017-0655-5.
Geriatric patients are affected by a range of skin conditions and dermatological diseases, functional limitations and chronic diseases. Skin problems are highly prevalent in elderly populations. Aim of this study was to investigate possible associations between health, functional and cutaneous variables in aged long-term care residents.
This observational, cross-sectional, descriptive prevalence study was conducted in a random sample of 10 institutional long-term care facilities in Berlin. In total, n = 223 residents were included. Demographic and functional characteristics, xerosis cutis, incontinence associated dermatitis, pressure ulcers and skin tears were assessed. Stratum corneum hydration, transepidermal water loss, skin surface pH and skin temperature were measured. Data analysis was descriptive and explorative. To explore possible bivariate associations, a correlation matrix was created. The correlation matrix was also used to detect possible collinearity in the subsequent regression analyses.
Mean age (n = 223) was 83.6 years, 67.7% were female. Most residents were affected by xerosis cutis (99.1%; 95% CI: 97.7% - 100.0%). The prevalence of pressure ulcers was 9.0% (95% CI: 5.0% - 13.0%), of incontinence associated dermatitis 35.4% (95% CI: 29.9% - 42.2%) and of skin tears 6.3% (95% CI: 3.2% - 9.5%). Biophysical skin parameters were not associated with overall care dependency, but with age and skin dryness. In general, skin dryness and measured skin barrier parameters were associated between arms and legs indicating similar overall skin characteristics of the residents.
Prevalence of xerosis cutis, pressure ulcers and skin tears were high, indicating the load of these adverse skin conditions in this population. Only few associations of demographic characteristics, skin barrier impairments and the occurrence of dry skin, pressure ulcers, skin tears and incontinence-associated dermatitis have been detected, that might limit the diagnostic value of skin barrier parameters in this population. Overall, the measured skin barrier parameters seem to have limited diagnostic value for the reported skin conditions except xerosis cutis.
This study is registered at https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02216526 . Registration date: 8th November 2014.
老年患者会受到一系列皮肤状况和皮肤病、功能限制和慢性疾病的影响。皮肤问题在老年人群中非常普遍。本研究旨在调查长期护理机构中老年人的健康、功能和皮肤变量之间的可能关联。
这是一项在柏林的 10 家随机抽样机构长期护理机构中进行的观察性、横断面、描述性患病率研究。共纳入 223 名居民。评估人口统计学和功能特征、皮肤干燥、失禁相关性皮炎、压疮和皮肤撕裂。测量角质层水分、经皮水分流失、皮肤表面 pH 值和皮肤温度。数据分析为描述性和探索性。为了探索可能的双变量关联，创建了一个相关矩阵。该相关矩阵还用于检测后续回归分析中的可能共线性。
（n=223）的平均年龄为 83.6 岁，67.7%为女性。大多数居民患有皮肤干燥（99.1%；95%CI：97.7% - 100.0%）。压疮的患病率为 9.0%（95%CI：5.0% - 13.0%），失禁相关性皮炎为 35.4%（95%CI：29.9% - 42.2%），皮肤撕裂为 6.3%（95%CI：3.2% - 9.5%）。皮肤生物物理参数与整体护理依赖性无关，但与年龄和皮肤干燥有关。一般来说，皮肤干燥和测量的皮肤屏障参数在手臂和腿部之间存在关联，表明居民的整体皮肤特征相似。
皮肤干燥、压疮和皮肤撕裂的患病率较高，表明这些不良皮肤状况在该人群中的负担较重。仅检测到人口统计学特征、皮肤屏障损伤以及干燥皮肤、压疮、皮肤撕裂和失禁相关性皮炎的发生之间的少数关联，这可能限制了皮肤屏障参数在该人群中的诊断价值。总的来说，除了皮肤干燥外，所测量的皮肤屏障参数对于报告的皮肤状况似乎具有有限的诊断价值。
本研究在 https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02216526 注册。注册日期：2014 年 11 月 8 日。
