Hahnel Elisabeth, Blume-Peytavi Ulrike, Trojahn Carina, Dobos Gabor, Stroux Andrea, Garcia Bartels Natalie, Jahnke Irina, Lichterfeld-Kottner Andrea, Neels-Herzmann Heike, Klasen Anja, Kottner Jan
Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Int J Nurs Stud. 2017 May;70:1-10. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2017.02.006. Epub 2017 Feb 7.
Aged residents of institutional long-term care facilities are at high risk for developing skin and tissue diseases. Besides various common skin problems, dry skin (xerosis cutis) is one of the most frequent skin conditions in this setting.
To investigate the effectiveness of two structured skin care regimens in comparison to routine skin care on xerosis cutis in nursing home residents.
A multi-center, pragmatic, randomized, controlled, investigator blinded study with three parallel groups.
The study was conducted in a random sample of ten out of 291 institutional long-term care facilities of the federal state of Berlin, Germany.
Long-term care residents being 65+ years affected by dry skin were included.
The residents were allocated into one of three study groups. Two interventional groups used standardized skin care regimens, consisting of a body wash and twice daily applications of leave-on products for eight weeks. The third control group performed skin care as usual. All participating residents were examined at baseline and after 4 and 8 weeks. Xerosis cutis was measured with the Overall Dry Skin score. Instrumental skin barrier measurements were performed at baseline and after 8 weeks. Diaries were used to document washing and skin care frequencies.
In total, 133 residents were included and allocated to one of the three groups. Mean age was 83.8 (SD 8.3) years, 65.4% were female and most residents had care levels I (42.9%) or II (42.9%) according to the German Social Code Book XI. Mean Barthel score was 46.8 (SD 24.2) and mean Braden score was 17.6 (SD 3.7). Leg skin areas were drier compared to arms and trunk areas. At the end of the study the Overall Dry Skin scores in the intervention groups were lower compared to the control group. There were statistically significant improvements of skin dryness in both intervention groups compared to the control group over time.
The results of this pragmatic trial indicate that structured skin care regimens are effective in reducing skin dryness in aged nursing home residents within eight weeks.
The study is registered at https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02216526.
机构长期护理机构中的老年居民患皮肤和组织疾病的风险很高。除了各种常见的皮肤问题外，皮肤干燥（干性皮肤）是这种情况下最常见的皮肤状况之一。
比较两种结构化皮肤护理方案与常规皮肤护理对养老院居民干性皮肤的效果。
一项多中心、实用、随机、对照、研究者盲法的研究，分为三个平行组。
该研究在德国柏林联邦州291家机构长期护理机构中的10家随机抽取的机构中进行。
纳入65岁及以上受干性皮肤影响的长期护理居民。
将居民分配到三个研究组之一。两个干预组使用标准化皮肤护理方案，包括沐浴露和每天两次涂抹免洗产品，持续八周。第三个对照组照常进行皮肤护理。所有参与的居民在基线时以及4周和8周后接受检查。使用总体皮肤干燥评分来测量干性皮肤。在基线时和8周后进行皮肤屏障功能测量。使用日记记录洗澡和皮肤护理频率。
总共纳入133名居民并分配到三个组之一。平均年龄为83.8（标准差8.3）岁，65.4%为女性，根据德国社会法典第十一章，大多数居民的护理级别为I（42.9%）或II（42.9%）。平均Barthel评分为46.8（标准差24.2），平均Braden评分为17.6（标准差3.7）。与手臂和躯干区域相比，腿部皮肤区域更干燥。在研究结束时，干预组的总体皮肤干燥评分低于对照组。随着时间的推移，与对照组相比，两个干预组的皮肤干燥情况有统计学意义的改善。
这项实用试验的结果表明，结构化皮肤护理方案在八周内有效减少老年养老院居民的皮肤干燥。
