Balaguer Isabel, Duda Joan L, Castillo Isabel
Department of Social PsychologyUniversity of ValenciaValenciaSpain.
School of Sport Exercise and Rehabilitation SciencesUniversity of Birmingham - BirminghamUnited Kingdom.
J Hum Kinet. 2017 Oct 20;59:121-130. doi: 10.1515/hukin-2017-0152. eCollection 2017 Oct.
Grounded in the Achievement Goal Theory framework of motivation and optimal functioning, there were two objectives of this study: (a) to test a model hypothesizing links between personal theories of school achievement, indices of the quality of academic engagement, wellbeing, and health-related behaviors, and (b) to explore whether the hypothesized model was invariant across gender groups. A multisection questionnaire pack tapping the targeted variables was administered to 967 teenagers (475 boys and 492 girls) aged between 11 to 16 years old. Structural equation modeling analysis revealed that Task theory of achievement predicted positively satisfaction in school and negatively boredom in school. An Ego theory of achievement was linked to higher levels of boredom in school. Satisfaction in school corresponded to higher life satisfaction, while boredom was negatively related. Higher life satisfaction was associated with lower tobacco, alcohol and marijuana consumption, more healthy food intake and greater levels of physical activity. The results revealed partial invariance of the model by gender. The quality of adolescents' involvement in the classroom holds important implications for adolescent's well-being and their health related behaviors. Interventions on the creation of a task-involving motivational climate in the school are proposed to promote healthy lifestyles among young people.
基于动机与最佳功能的成就目标理论框架，本研究有两个目标：（a）检验一个假设模型，该模型假设学业成就的个人理论、学业参与质量指标、幸福感和健康相关行为之间存在联系；（b）探讨假设模型在不同性别群体中是否具有不变性。向967名年龄在11至16岁之间的青少年（475名男孩和492名女孩）发放了一份涵盖目标变量的多部分问卷包。结构方程模型分析表明，成就任务理论对学校满意度有正向预测作用，对学校无聊感有负向预测作用。成就自我理论与学校更高水平的无聊感相关。学校满意度与更高的生活满意度相对应，而无聊感则呈负相关。更高的生活满意度与更低的烟草、酒精和大麻消费量、更多的健康食品摄入量以及更高水平的体育活动相关。结果显示该模型在性别上具有部分不变性。青少年在课堂上的参与质量对青少年的幸福感及其健康相关行为具有重要意义。建议在学校营造一种以任务为导向的激励氛围，以促进年轻人养成健康的生活方式。
