Gudiño Omar G, Stiles Allison A, Diaz Kathleen I
Department of Psychology, University of Denver, 2155 S. Race St., Denver, CO, 80210, USA.
Clinical Child Psychology Program, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA.
Child Psychiatry Hum Dev. 2018 Jun;49(3):468-479. doi: 10.1007/s10578-017-0767-3.
Despite high rates of exposure to community violence among Latino youth in urban communities, there is considerable variability in individual outcomes. This study examined (a) associations between coping and indices of Latino culture, (b) main effects of active/avoidant coping on psychopathology, and (c) whether coping moderates the impact of violence exposure on mental health in Latino youth. Participants included 168 Latino youth (56% female; ages 11-14) that took part in a short-term longitudinal study. Results indicate that youth acculturation was positively associated with active coping, but enculturation level and immigrant status were not associated with coping. Structural equation models suggested that active coping was negatively associated with internalizing problems (p = .046) while avoidant coping was positively associated with internalizing problems (p = .013) and posttraumatic stress symptoms (p = .024). Moderation analyses revealed that violence exposure was more strongly associated with internalizing problems as reliance on avoidance coping increased. However, at high levels of violence exposure, a greater reliance on active coping was related to increased posttraumatic stress problems. Findings suggest that consideration of the specific stressor, level of stress exposure, and mental health problem-type may be crucial in determining the effectiveness of a coping strategy. Implications for future research and intervention are discussed.
尽管城市社区中的拉丁裔青少年遭受社区暴力的比例很高，但个体结果存在很大差异。本研究考察了：（a）应对方式与拉丁裔文化指标之间的关联；（b）积极/回避应对方式对精神病理学的主效应；以及（c）应对方式是否缓和了暴力暴露对拉丁裔青少年心理健康的影响。研究参与者包括168名拉丁裔青少年（56%为女性；年龄在11 - 14岁之间），他们参与了一项短期纵向研究。结果表明，青少年的文化适应与积极应对呈正相关，但文化传承水平和移民身份与应对方式无关。结构方程模型表明，积极应对与内化问题呈负相关（p = 0.046），而回避应对与内化问题呈正相关（p = 0.013）以及与创伤后应激症状呈正相关（p = 0.024）。调节分析显示，随着对回避应对的依赖增加，暴力暴露与内化问题的关联更强。然而，在暴力暴露程度较高时，更多地依赖积极应对与创伤后应激问题增加有关。研究结果表明，在确定应对策略的有效性时，考虑特定的应激源、应激暴露水平和心理健康问题类型可能至关重要。文中还讨论了对未来研究和干预的启示。
