Rolfö Linda, Eklund Jörgen, Jahncke Helena
a Unit of Ergonomics, School of Technology and Health , KTH , Stockholm , Sweden.
b Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research , Department of Occupational and Public Health Sciences , University of Gävle , Gävle , Sweden.
Ergonomics. 2018 May;61(5):644-657. doi: 10.1080/00140139.2017.1398844. Epub 2017 Nov 16.
Many companies move from open-plan offices (OPO) to activity-based workplaces (ABWs). However, few studies examine the benefits and drawbacks following such a change. The aim of this study was to explore how physical conditions, office use, communication, privacy, territoriality, satisfaction and perceived performance change following a company's relocation from an OPO to an ABW. A mixed methods approach included pre- and post-relocation questionnaires and post-relocation focus groups, individual interviews and observations. The questionnaires enabled comparisons over time (n = 34) and broader analyses based on retrospective ratings of perceived change (n = 66). Results showed that satisfaction with auditory privacy, background noise, air quality, outdoor view and aesthetics increased significantly after relocation. Negative outcomes, such as lack of communication within teams, were perceived as being due to the high people-to-workstation ratio and lack of rules. Overall satisfaction with the physical work environment increased in the ABW compared to the OPO. Perceived performance did not change significantly. Practitioner Summary: Activity-based workplaces (ABWs) are commonly implemented although their effects on performance and well-being are unclear. This case study gives advice to stakeholders involved in office planning. Despite shortcomings with the people-to-workstation ratio and rules, employees showed improved satisfaction with auditory privacy and aesthetics in the ABW compared with the previous open-plan office.
许多公司从开放式办公空间（OPO）转向基于活动的工作场所（ABW）。然而，很少有研究探讨这种转变带来的利弊。本研究的目的是探讨公司从OPO迁至ABW后，物理环境、办公空间使用、沟通、隐私、领地意识、满意度和感知绩效如何变化。一种混合方法包括搬迁前后的问卷调查以及搬迁后的焦点小组讨论、个人访谈和观察。问卷调查能够进行时间跨度上的比较（n = 34），并基于对感知变化的回顾性评分进行更广泛的分析（n = 66）。结果显示，搬迁后对听觉隐私、背景噪音、空气质量、室外视野和美观度的满意度显著提高。负面结果，比如团队内部沟通不足，被认为是由于人员与工作站比例过高以及缺乏规则所致。与OPO相比，ABW中员工对物理工作环境的总体满意度有所提高。感知绩效没有显著变化。从业者总结：基于活动的工作场所（ABW）虽普遍采用，但其对绩效和幸福感的影响尚不明晰。本案例研究为参与办公室规划的利益相关者提供了建议。尽管在人员与工作站比例和规则方面存在不足，但与之前的开放式办公空间相比，员工对ABW中的听觉隐私和美观度的满意度有所提高。
