State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University , Shanghai 200092, P. R. China.
Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security , Shanghai 200092, P.R. China.
Environ Sci Technol. 2017 Dec 5;51(23):13533-13544. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.7b02695. Epub 2017 Nov 27.
Sulfidation has gained increasing interest in recent years for improving the sequestration of contaminants by zerovalent iron (ZVI). In view of the bright prospects of the sulfidated ZVI (S-ZVI), this review comprehensively summarized the latest developments in sulfidation of ZVI, particularly that of nanoscale ZVI (S-nZVI). The milestones in development of S-ZVI technology including its background, enlightenment, synthesis, characterization, water remediation and treatment, etc., are summarized. Under most circumstances, sulfidation can enhance the sequestration of various organic compounds and metal(loid)s by ZVI to various extents. In particular, the reactivity of S-ZVI toward contaminants is strongly dependent on S/Fe molar ratio, sulfidation method, and solution chemistry. Additionally, sulfidation can improve the selectivity of ZVI toward targeted contaminant over water under anaerobic conditions. The mechanisms of sulfidation-induced improvement in contaminants sequestration by ZVI are also summarized. Finally, this review identifies the current knowledge gaps and future research needs of S-ZVI for environmental application.
近年来，硫化零价铁（ZVI）在提高污染物固定方面受到越来越多的关注。鉴于硫化 ZVI（S-ZVI）的广阔前景，本综述全面总结了 ZVI 硫化的最新进展，特别是纳米级 ZVI（S-nZVI）的硫化。总结了 S-ZVI 技术的发展里程碑，包括其背景、启示、合成、表征、水修复和处理等。在大多数情况下，硫化可以在不同程度上增强 ZVI 对各种有机化合物和金属（类）的固定。特别是，S-ZVI 对污染物的反应性强烈依赖于 S/Fe 摩尔比、硫化方法和溶液化学。此外，硫化可以提高 ZVI 在厌氧条件下对目标污染物的选择性，而不是水。还总结了硫化诱导 ZVI 增强污染物固定的机制。最后，本综述确定了 S-ZVI 在环境应用方面的当前知识差距和未来研究需求。
