Carlson Linda E
Division of Psychosocial Oncology, Department of Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Psychosocial Resources, Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Alberta Health Services Cancer Control, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr. 2017 Nov 1;2017(52). doi: 10.1093/jncimonographs/lgx009.
Distress is highly prevalent in cancer survivors, from the point of diagnosis through treatment and recovery, with rates higher than 45% reported worldwide. One approach for helping people cope with the inherent stress of cancer is through the use of mind-body therapies (MBTs) such as mediation, yoga, hypnosis, relaxation, and imagery, which harness the power of the mind to affect physical and psychological symptoms. One group of MBTs with a growing body of research evidence to support their efficacy focus on training in mindfulness meditation; these are collectively known as mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs). Research supports the role of MBIs for dealing with common experiences that cause distress around cancer diagnosis, treatment, and survivorship including loss of control, uncertainty about the future, fears of recurrence, and a range of physical and psychological symptoms including depression, anxiety, insomnia, and fatigue. Growing research also supports their cost-effectiveness, and online and mobile adaptations currently being developed and evaluated increase promise for use in a global context.
从癌症诊断到治疗及康复的整个过程中，痛苦在癌症幸存者中极为普遍，全球报告的发生率超过45%。帮助人们应对癌症内在压力的一种方法是通过使用身心疗法（MBTs），如冥想、瑜伽、催眠、放松和意象引导，这些疗法利用心灵的力量来影响身体和心理症状。有越来越多研究证据支持其有效性的一类身心疗法聚焦于正念冥想训练；这些疗法统称为基于正念的干预措施（MBIs）。研究支持基于正念的干预措施在应对围绕癌症诊断、治疗和 survivorship（此处可能有误，推测为“生存”）的常见痛苦经历方面的作用，这些经历包括失去控制、对未来的不确定性、对复发的恐惧，以及一系列身体和心理症状，如抑郁、焦虑、失眠和疲劳。越来越多的研究也支持它们的成本效益，目前正在开发和评估的在线和移动应用版本增加了其在全球范围内使用的前景。
