Carlson Linda E, Bultz Barry D
Department of Psychosocial Resources, Tom Baker Cancer Centre/Alberta Cancer Board, Holy Cross Site, Calgary, AB, Canada.
Curr Treat Options Oncol. 2008 Jun;9(2-3):127-34. doi: 10.1007/s11864-008-0064-2. Epub 2008 Aug 13.
A number of mind-body interventions have been studied for use with cancer patients, primarily measuring outcomes relating to pain control, anxiety reduction, and enhancing quality of life. This chapter defines the scope and characteristics of mind-body interventions, followed by a selective review of research indicating their appropriate use or cautions in cancer care. Mind-body interventions included are hypnosis, imagery/relaxation, meditation, yoga, and creative therapies. Current evidence supports the efficacy of hypnosis and imagery/relaxation for control of pain and anxiety during cancer treatments. Meditation is supported for reductions in stress and improvements in mood, quality of life, and sleep problems. There is a growing body of support for yoga from randomized controlled trials for improving quality of life, sleep, and mood. Creative therapies such as visual arts, dance, and music may help cancer patients express their feelings and cope with the demands of a cancer experience. Research on biological marker effects of mind-body therapies remains inconclusive. Study of mind-body interventions generally requires additional, methodologically rigorous investigation of how various interventions best assist patients during various phases of cancer survivorship, although a major benefit of these therapies lies in the opportunity for patients to self-select them.
人们已经对多种身心干预措施用于癌症患者的情况进行了研究，主要衡量与疼痛控制、焦虑缓解和生活质量提高相关的结果。本章定义了身心干预的范围和特点，随后选择性地回顾了表明其在癌症护理中的适当用途或注意事项的研究。所包括的身心干预措施有催眠、意象/放松、冥想、瑜伽和创造性疗法。目前的证据支持催眠和意象/放松在癌症治疗期间控制疼痛和焦虑方面的疗效。支持冥想可减轻压力并改善情绪、生活质量和睡眠问题。越来越多的随机对照试验支持瑜伽可改善生活质量、睡眠和情绪。诸如视觉艺术、舞蹈和音乐等创造性疗法可能有助于癌症患者表达自己的感受并应对癌症经历带来的各种需求。关于身心疗法的生物标志物效应的研究尚无定论。对身心干预措施的研究通常需要在方法上进行更严格的额外调查，以了解各种干预措施如何在癌症幸存者的不同阶段最好地帮助患者，尽管这些疗法的一个主要好处在于患者有机会自行选择它们。
