Haque Md Areeful, Jantan Ibrahim
Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 50300 Kuala Lumpur. Malaysia.
Curr Pharm Biotechnol. 2017;18(9):696-720. doi: 10.2174/1389201018666171115115458.
Zingiber zerumbet (L.) Roscoe ex Sm. (family, Zingiberaceae) is a potent medicinal herb widely known as shampoo ginger and its rhizome is used in numerous ethnomedicinal applications including antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anti-diarrheal, antidiabetics, carminative, and diuretic. The aim of this review was to bring together all the scientific updates on the phytochemistry and pharmacological activities of this herb, including their toxicological studies, and critically analyzed the outcomes to provide directions for future research on the herb as potential source of bioactive metabolites for pharmaceutical and nutraceutical applications.
A structured electronic search on worldwide accepted scientific databases (Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, SciFinder, Wiley Online Library) was carried out to compile the relevant information. Some information was obtained from books and database on medicinal plants used in various countries.
About 60 metabolites, mainly polyphenols, and terpenoids have been isolated and identified. However, most of the reported pharmacological studies were based on crude extracts, and only a few of those isolated metabolites, particularly zerumbone have been investigated for biological and pharmacological activities. Many of the mechanistic studies to understand the pharmacological effects of the plant are limited by many considerations with regard to design, experimentation and interpretation.
The bioactive metabolites should be further investigated on their safety and more elaborate preclinical studies before clinical trials can be undertaken.
红球姜（Zingiber zerumbet (L.) Roscoe ex Sm.，姜科）是一种强效药草，广为人知的名称是洗发水姜，其根茎在众多民族医学应用中使用，包括解热、抗炎、抗菌、止泻、抗糖尿病、驱风、利尿。本综述的目的是汇集关于这种药草的植物化学和药理活性的所有科学进展，包括其毒理学研究，并对结果进行批判性分析，为该草药作为药物和营养保健品应用中生物活性代谢物的潜在来源的未来研究提供方向。
在全球公认的科学数据库（科学网、PubMed、谷歌学术、科学Direct、SciFinder、Wiley在线图书馆）上进行结构化电子搜索，以汇编相关信息。一些信息从各国使用的药用植物的书籍和数据库中获得。
已分离和鉴定出约60种代谢物，主要是多酚和萜类化合物。然而，大多数报道的药理研究是基于粗提物，并且仅对少数分离出的代谢物，特别是姜酮进行了生物和药理活性研究。许多旨在了解该植物药理作用的机制研究在设计、实验和解释方面受到诸多因素的限制。
在进行临床试验之前，应进一步研究生物活性代谢物的安全性，并进行更详细的临床前研究。
