Wang Lina, Zheng Xinran, Stevanovic Svetlana, Xiang Zhiyuan, Liu Jing, Shi Huiwen, Liu Jing, Yu Mingzhou, Zhu Chun
State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.
State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.
Chemosphere. 2018 Jan;191:962-970. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.09.097. Epub 2017 Oct 22.
Mosquito-repellent incense is one of the most popular products used for dispelling mosquitos during summer in China. It releases large amounts of particulate and gaseous pollutants which constitute a potential hazard to human health. We conducted chamber experiment to characterize major pollutants from three types of mosquito-repellent incenses, further assessed the size-fractionated deposition in human respiratory system, and evaluated the indoor removing efficiency by fresh air. Results showed that the released pollutant concentrations were greater than permissible levels in regulations in GB3095-2012, as well as suggested by the World Health Organization (WHO). Formaldehyde accounted for 10-20% of the total amount of pollutants. Fine particles dominated in the total particulate concentrations. Geometric standard deviation (GSD) of particle number size distributions was in the range of 1.45-1.93. Count median diameter (CMD) ranged from 100 to 500 nm. Emission rates, burning rates and emission factors of both particulate and gaseous pollutants were compared and discussed. The deposition fractions in pulmonary airway from the disc solid types reached up to 52.7% of the total deposition, and the largest deposition appeared on juvenile group. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modellings indicated air-conditioner on and windows closed was the worst case. The highest concentration was 180-200 times over the standard limit.
蚊香是中国夏季最常用的驱蚊产品之一。它会释放大量的颗粒污染物和气态污染物，对人体健康构成潜在危害。我们进行了室内实验，以表征三种蚊香的主要污染物，进一步评估其在人体呼吸系统中的粒径分级沉积情况，并评估新鲜空气对室内污染物的去除效率。结果表明，所释放的污染物浓度高于GB3095 - 2012标准以及世界卫生组织（WHO）建议的允许水平。甲醛占污染物总量的10% - 20%。细颗粒物在总颗粒物浓度中占主导地位。颗粒数粒径分布的几何标准差（GSD）在1.45 - 1.93范围内。计数中值直径（CMD）在100至500纳米之间。对颗粒物和气态污染物的排放速率、燃烧速率和排放因子进行了比较和讨论。盘式固体蚊香在肺气道中的沉积分数高达总沉积量的52.7%，且在青少年组中沉积量最大。计算流体动力学（CFD）模拟表明，开着空调且关闭窗户是最差的情况。最高浓度超过标准限值180 - 200倍。
