Banerjee Jayati, Azevedo Helena S
School of Engineering and Material Science, Institute of Bioengineering, University of London, Queen Mary, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK.
Interface Focus. 2017 Dec 6;7(6):20160138. doi: 10.1098/rsfs.2016.0138. Epub 2017 Oct 20.
Collagen is the most abundant extracellular matrix protein in the body and has widespread use in biomedical research, as well as in clinics. In addition to difficulties in the production of recombinant collagen due to its high non-natural imino acid content, animal-derived collagen imposes several major drawbacks-variability in composition, immunogenicity, pathogenicity and difficulty in sequence modification-that may limit its use in the practical scenario. However, in recent years, scientists have shifted their attention towards developing synthetic collagen-like materials from simple collagen model triple helical peptides to eliminate the potential drawbacks. For this purpose, it is highly desirable to develop programmable self-assembling strategies that will initiate the hierarchical self-assembly of short peptides into large-scale macromolecular assemblies with recommendable bioactivity. Herein, we tried to elaborate our understanding related to the strategies that have been adopted by few research groups to trigger self-assembly in the triple helical peptide system producing fascinating supramolecular structures. We have also touched upon the major epitopes within collagen that can be incorporated into collagen mimetic peptides for promoting bioactivity.
胶原蛋白是人体内最丰富的细胞外基质蛋白，在生物医学研究以及临床中有着广泛应用。除了由于其高含量的非天然亚氨基酸导致重组胶原蛋白生产困难外，动物源胶原蛋白还存在几个主要缺点——成分变异性、免疫原性、致病性以及序列修饰困难——这些可能会限制其在实际应用中的使用。然而，近年来，科学家们已将注意力转向从简单的胶原蛋白模型三螺旋肽开发合成类胶原蛋白材料，以消除潜在缺点。为此，非常需要开发可编程的自组装策略，该策略将启动短肽的分级自组装，形成具有良好生物活性的大规模大分子组装体。在此，我们试图详细阐述我们对少数研究小组所采用策略的理解，这些策略用于触发三螺旋肽系统中的自组装，从而产生迷人的超分子结构。我们还提到了胶原蛋白中的主要表位，这些表位可纳入胶原蛋白模拟肽中以促进生物活性。
