Islam Farah, Khanlou Nazilla, Macpherson Alison, Tamim Hala
School of Kinesiology and Health Science (KAHS), York University, 4700 Keele St., Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada.
School of Nursing, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Community Ment Health J. 2018 Jul;54(5):579-589. doi: 10.1007/s10597-017-0210-z. Epub 2017 Nov 16.
To determine the prevalence rates and characteristics of past-year mental health consultation for Ontario's adult (18 + years old) immigrant populations. The Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) 2012 was used to calculate the prevalence rates of past-year mental health consultation by service provider type. Characteristics associated with mental health consultation were determined by carrying out multivariable logistic regression analysis on merged CCHS 2008-2012 data. Adult immigrant populations in Ontario (n = 3995) had lower estimated prevalence rates of past-year mental health consultation across all service provider types compared to Canadian-born populations (n = 14,644). Amongst those who reported past-year mental health consultation, 57.89% of Ontario immigrants contacted their primary care physician, which was significantly higher than the proportion who consulted their family doctor from Canadian-born populations (45.31%). The factors of gender, age, racial/ethnic background, education level, working status, food insecurity status, self-perceived health status, smoking status, alcohol drinking status, years since immigration, and age at time of immigration were significantly associated with past-year mental health consultation for immigrant populations. Ontario's adult immigrant populations most commonly consult their family doctor for mental health care. Potential exists for expanding the mental health care role of primary care physicians as well as efforts to increase accessibility of specialized mental health services. Integrated, coordinated care where primary care physicians, specialized mental health professionals, social workers, and community educators, etc. working together in a sort of "one-stop-shop" may be the most effective way to mitigate gaps in the mental health care system. In order to effectively tailor mental health policy, programming, and promotion to suit the needs of immigrant populations initiatives that focus on the connection between physical and mental health and migration variables such as length of stay in Canada, years since immigration, and other important migration variables (beyond the scope of the CCHS which require further study) need to be developed. Examination of the social determinants of mental health is critical to understand how we can best serve the mental health needs of Ontario's immigrant populations.
确定安大略省成年（18岁及以上）移民群体过去一年心理健康咨询的患病率及特征。利用2012年加拿大社区健康调查（CCHS）计算按服务提供者类型划分的过去一年心理健康咨询的患病率。通过对2008 - 2012年合并的CCHS数据进行多变量逻辑回归分析，确定与心理健康咨询相关的特征。与在加拿大出生的人群（n = 14,644）相比，安大略省的成年移民群体（n = 3995）在所有服务提供者类型中，过去一年心理健康咨询的估计患病率较低。在报告过去一年有心理健康咨询的人群中，57.89%的安大略省移民联系了他们的初级保健医生，这一比例显著高于在加拿大出生人群中咨询家庭医生的比例（45.31%）。性别、年龄、种族/族裔背景、教育水平、工作状况、粮食不安全状况、自我感知的健康状况、吸烟状况、饮酒状况、移民年限以及移民时的年龄等因素与移民群体过去一年的心理健康咨询显著相关。安大略省的成年移民群体在心理健康护理方面最常咨询他们的家庭医生。扩大初级保健医生在心理健康护理方面的作用以及努力提高专门心理健康服务的可及性具有潜力。初级保健医生、专门心理健康专业人员、社会工作者和社区教育工作者等以“一站式服务”的方式共同协作的综合、协调护理可能是弥合心理健康护理系统差距的最有效方式。为了有效地制定适合移民群体需求的心理健康政策、规划和推广措施，需要开展一些举措，这些举措要关注身心健康与移民变量（如在加拿大的停留时间、移民年限以及其他重要移民变量，超出了CCHS的范围，需要进一步研究）之间的联系。审视心理健康的社会决定因素对于了解如何最好地满足安大略省移民群体的心理健康需求至关重要。
