Department of Nursing, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
J Clin Nurs. 2018 Apr;27(7-8):1552-1560. doi: 10.1111/jocn.14180. Epub 2018 Jan 23.
To explore the association between nursing home managers' leadership, job strain and social support as perceived by direct care staff in nursing homes.
It is well known that aged care staff experience high levels of job strain, and that aged care staff experiencing job strain are exposed to increased risk for adverse health effects. Leadership styles have been associated with job strain in the literature; however, the impact of perceived leadership on staff job strain and social support has not been clarified within nursing home contexts.
This study had a cross-sectional design.
Participating staff (n = 3,605) completed surveys which included questions about staff characteristics, valid and reliable measures of nursing home managers' leadership, perceived job strain and social support. Statistical analyses of correlations and multiple regression analysis with interaction terms were conducted.
Nursing home managers' leadership were significantly associated with lower level of job strain and higher level of social support among direct care staff. A multiple regression analysis including an interaction term indicated individual and joint effects of nursing home managers' leadership and social support on job strain.
Nursing home managers' leadership and social support were both individually and in combination associated with staff perception of lesser job strain. Thus, nursing home managers' leadership are beneficial for the working situation and strain of staff.
Promoting a supporting work environment through leadership is an important implication for nursing home managers as it can influence staff perception of job strain and social support within the unit. By providing leadership, offering support and strategies towards a healthy work environment, nursing home managers can buffer adverse health effects among staff.
探讨养老院管理人员的领导方式、直接护理人员感知的工作压力和社会支持之间的关联。
众所周知，老年护理人员工作压力大，工作压力大的老年护理人员面临着更多的健康问题风险。领导风格与文献中的工作压力有关；然而，在养老院环境中，感知到的领导对员工工作压力和社会支持的影响尚未得到澄清。
本研究采用横断面设计。
参与研究的工作人员（n=3605）完成了调查，其中包括工作人员特征、养老院管理人员领导方式、感知工作压力和社会支持的有效和可靠测量的问题。进行了相关性的统计分析和包含交互项的多元回归分析。
养老院管理人员的领导方式与直接护理人员的工作压力水平较低和社会支持水平较高显著相关。包含交互项的多元回归分析表明，养老院管理人员的领导方式和社会支持对工作压力有个体和联合作用。
养老院管理人员的领导方式和社会支持单独和联合与员工对较少工作压力的感知有关。因此，养老院管理人员的领导方式对员工的工作情况和压力有益。
通过领导方式营造支持性的工作环境，对养老院管理人员具有重要意义，因为它可以影响员工对工作压力和社会支持的感知。通过提供领导、支持和健康工作环境的策略，养老院管理人员可以减轻员工的健康问题风险。
