Jedlicka Peter
Institute of Clinical Neuroanatomy, Neuroscience Center, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.
Front Mol Neurosci. 2017 Nov 7;10:366. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00366. eCollection 2017.
The nervous system is a non-linear dynamical complex system with many feedback loops. A conventional wisdom is that in the brain the quantum fluctuations are self-averaging and thus functionally negligible. However, this intuition might be misleading in the case of non-linear complex systems. Because of an extreme sensitivity to initial conditions, in complex systems the microscopic fluctuations may be amplified and thereby affect the system's behavior. In this way quantum dynamics might influence neuronal computations. Accumulating evidence in non-neuronal systems indicates that biological evolution is able to exploit quantum stochasticity. The recent rise of quantum biology as an emerging field at the border between quantum physics and the life sciences suggests that quantum events could play a non-trivial role also in neuronal cells. Direct experimental evidence for this is still missing but future research should address the possibility that quantum events contribute to an extremely high complexity, variability and computational power of neuronal dynamics.
神经系统是一个具有许多反馈回路的非线性动态复杂系统。传统观点认为，在大脑中量子涨落是自平均的，因此在功能上可以忽略不计。然而，对于非线性复杂系统而言，这种直觉可能会产生误导。由于对初始条件极度敏感，在复杂系统中微观涨落可能会被放大，从而影响系统的行为。这样一来，量子动力学可能会影响神经元的计算。非神经元系统中越来越多的证据表明，生物进化能够利用量子随机性。量子生物学作为量子物理学与生命科学交叉领域中一个新兴的领域，其最近的兴起表明量子事件在神经元细胞中也可能发挥重要作用。目前仍缺少这方面的直接实验证据，但未来的研究应探讨量子事件是否有助于神经元动力学的极高复杂性、变异性和计算能力。
